Penalty schedule codified
Are penalties for campaign-finance violations defined in statute with specified amounts (civil) and/or criminal grades?
Scoring rule
{
"type": "ordinal",
"max": 2,
"levels": [
{
"score": 0,
"label": "none"
},
{
"score": 1,
"label": "civil only"
},
{
"score": 2,
"label": "civil + criminal"
}
]
}Jurisdiction scores
| Jurisdiction | Score | Rationale & evidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Alabamaus-al | 2/2100.0% | The statute codifies a criminal penalty for violation: conviction results in a Class C felony designation. While Alabama's separate statutes define the specific sentence range for a Class C felony, the crime classification itself is statutorily specified here, satisfying the requirement for a defined criminal grade. The section does not separately establish civil penalties, but criminal grading is present and codified. “Any person who intentionally receives or expends campaign funds in violation of subsection (a) shall be guilty, upon conviction, of a Class C felony.” | § view source claude-haiku-4-5 2026-06-09 |
| Argentinaar | 2/2100.0% | The section codifies both criminal penalties (imprisonment up to 15 days) and civil penalties (fines ranging from $500 to $100,000 depending on the violation) for specific campaign-finance violations including prohibitions on weapons, partisan displays, proselytizing, poll publication, media advertising limits, and campaign acts outside permitted periods. All penalties are statutorily defined with specified amounts. | § view source claude-haiku-4-5 2026-06-10 |
| Arizonaus-az | 2/2100.0% | The statute specifies criminal penalties for campaign-finance violations: class 2 misdemeanor for corporate/LLC/labor organization violations and class 6 felony for individuals effecting violations or committing the other prohibited acts (straw contributions, coerced contributions, dues-based contributions). Arizona's criminal-classification system is codified elsewhere in statute, providing defined penalty severity. Both civil and criminal frameworks exist in Arizona statute, though this section focuses on criminal grades. | § view source claude-haiku-4-5 2026-06-04 |
| Australiaau | 2/2100.0% | Section 302E(3)-(4) codifies both criminal and civil penalties in statute with specified amounts. The criminal offence carries 50 penalty units; the civil penalty is 100 penalty units or 3 times the gift value (whichever is higher). Both are enumerated in the statutory text with clear numerical thresholds, satisfying the full score for a dual-penalty schedule. “Offence (3) A person or entity commits an offence if the person or entity contravenes subsection (1). Penalty: 50 penalty units. Civil penalty (4) A person or entity is liable to a civil penalty if the person or entity contravenes subsection (1). Civil penalty: The higher of the following amounts: (a) 100 penalty units; (b) if there is sufficient evidence for the court to determine the amount or value, or an estimate of the amount or value, of the gift at the time the gift is made—3 times that amount or value.” | § view source claude-haiku-4-5 2026-06-08 |
| Belgiumbe | 2/2100.0% | Article 184 specifies a statutory penalty range (26–200 francs) for multiple campaign-finance violations: offering money or valuables to voters under pretense of travel reimbursement, providing food or drink to voters, and voters accepting such offers. The statute codifies both the prohibited conduct and the sanction amount (civil fine/amende), meeting the core requirement of ENF.1. While the text does not explicitly classify this as 'criminal' grade in modern terminology, the 'amende' (fine) structure is statutorily defined with enumerated boundaries, satisfying the codification standard. | § view source claude-haiku-4-5 2026-06-13 |
| Connecticutus-ct | 2/2100.0% | The statute specifies both criminal penalties (class D felony for knowing and willful violations; imprisonment up to one year for filing violations) and civil penalties (late filing fee of $100; fines ranging from $200–$2,000). The penalty schedule is exhaustively codified with specific dollar amounts and criminal grades, and enforcement responsibility is assigned to the State Elections Enforcement Commission and town clerks. | § view source claude-haiku-4-5 2026-06-15 |
| Croatiahr | 2/2100.0% | The statute explicitly codifies a monetary penalty (fine) of 100,000 to 500,000 kuna for a breach (prekršaj—a criminal-administrative violation in Croatian law distinct from civil liability). This satisfies the core requirement of a defined penalty schedule in statute. The penalty is both enumerated and carries criminal-administrative character, meeting the threshold for civil and criminal-grade penalties. “Novčanom kaznom od 100.000,00 do 500.000,00 kuna kaznit će se za prekršaj” | § view source claude-haiku-4-5 2026-06-16 |
| Delawareus-de | 2/2100.0% | The section provides a comprehensive penalty schedule codified in statute, including both criminal grades (class B misdemeanor, class A misdemeanor, class G felony) for various campaign-finance violations and a specified civil penalty ($500 or 25% of advertisement cost) for advertising-disclosure violations. This satisfies the requirement for dual civil and criminal penalty codification. | § view source claude-haiku-4-5 2026-06-15 |
| Estoniaee | 2/2100.0% | §§ 12¹⁷–12¹⁹ codify a misdemeanour penalty schedule — fines of up to 300 fine units for natural persons or 20 000 euros for legal persons for reporting failures, prohibited donations and false information — alongside the administrative non-compliance levy of up to 15 000 euros under § 12¹². “is a fine of up to 300 fine units.” | § view source claude-opus-4-7 2026-05-21 |
| Floridaus-fl | 2/2100.0% | § 106.19 codifies a comprehensive penalty schedule for campaign-finance violations: criminal penalties (first-degree misdemeanor) plus civil fines. § 106.36 (5122) imposes additional fines for public-financing-system violators. Ordinal 2/2 — both criminal and civil tracks. “Any candidate; campaign manager, campaign treasurer, or deputy treasurer of any candidate; committee chair, vice chair, campaign treasurer, deputy treasurer, or other officer of” | § view source claude-opus-4-7 2026-05-15 |
| Francefr | 2/2100.0% | The section establishes a clear criminal penalty schedule codified in statute: imprisonment of two years and a €15,000 fine for offering, promising, or giving offers/advantages to influence voters, and identical penalties for accepting or soliciting such offers. Both the criminal grade (imprisonment) and monetary sanction (fine amount) are explicitly specified, satisfying the statutory enumeration requirement for penalty schedules. “est puni de deux ans d'emprisonnement et 15 000 € d'amende” | § view source claude-haiku-4-5 2026-06-12 |
| Georgiage | 2/2100.0% | Election Code Article 79 codifies penalty for unlawful campaigning (GEL 2,000). Article 81 penalizes campaigning in prohibited institutions. Article 82 penalizes opinion-poll publication violations. Article 85 penalizes campaign-fund reporting violations. Article 88 penalizes administrative-resource abuse. Comprehensive enumerated penalty schedule. | § view source claude-opus-4-7 2026-05-18 |
| Germanyde | 2/2100.0% | § 31d PartG codifies criminal penalties for campaign-finance violations (false reporting, donation-splitting, non-forwarding of donations, and auditor misconduct), specifying imprisonment up to three years or fines, with enhanced penalties (up to five years) for aggravated cases. The statute clearly establishes both criminal grades and penalty ranges within the law itself, satisfying the requirement for statutorily-defined penalty schedules. “wird mit Freiheitsstrafe bis zu drei Jahren oder mit Geldstrafe bestraft” | § view source claude-haiku-4-5 2026-06-07 |
| Icelandis | 2/2100.0% | Section 13 codifies both civil penalties (sektum/fines) and criminal penalties (fangelsi allt að tveimur árum/imprisonment up to two years) for specific campaign-finance violations including unlawful receipt of contributions (§6), excess contributions (§7), failure to disclose information, undisclosed political advertising, and receipt of anonymous funds after election day is formally announced. The statute specifies the maximum criminal sentence (two years) and establishes that both fine and imprisonment sanctions apply, satisfying the dual penalty-schedule requirement. “Hver sem tekur við framlögum, eða jafnvirði þeirra, sem óheimilt er að veita viðtöku skv. 6. gr. eða hærri framlögum en heimilt er skv. 7. gr. skal sæta sektum eða fangelsi allt að tveimur árum.” | § view source claude-haiku-4-5 2026-06-06 |
| Idahous-id | 2/2100.0% | The statute codifies a dual penalty structure: civil fines with explicit dollar caps ($250 for individuals, $2,500 for non-individuals) and criminal penalties (misdemeanor with up to 6 months imprisonment plus fines). Both civil and criminal penalties are statutorily grounded with enumerated amounts and grades, satisfying the full scope of ENF.1. | § view source claude-haiku-4-5 2026-06-01 |
| Indianaus-in | 2/2100.0% | The section establishes both criminal and civil penalties with specified amounts. Criminally, it assigns a Class B misdemeanor grade for reckless violation; civilly, it caps penalties at three times the excess contribution amount plus documented investigative costs. Both penalty types are enumerated in statute with quantified limits, satisfying the procedural requirement for a defined penalty schedule. | § view source claude-haiku-4-5 2026-06-13 |
| Kansasus-ks | 2/2100.0% | The statute defines a criminal penalty (class A misdemeanor) for failure to file required campaign finance reports. Kansas law establishes defined criminal grades for misdemeanors, making this a statutorily codified penalty schedule. The section satisfies both the criminal-grade requirement and the procedural clarity of specifying consequences for non-compliance. “Failure to file a campaign finance report is a class A misdemeanor.” | § view source claude-haiku-4-5 2026-06-06 |
| Kentuckyus-ky | 2/2100.0% | KRS 121.990 codifies a graded campaign-finance penalty schedule with specified amounts and criminal grades — e.g. a corporation that knowingly violates the corporate-contribution ban is fined up to $10,000 and individuals are guilty of a Class D felony, with further enumerated fines and felony/misdemeanor grades for other Chapter 121 violations. KRS 121.175 adds penalties for impermissible expenditures. Specified civil amounts and criminal grades both codified. | § view source claude-opus-4-7 2026-05-20 |
| Luxembourglu | 2/2100.0% | Article 96 codifies a criminal penalty (amende) with a defined range (500–5,000 euros) for vote-buying and related conduct. The statute specifies both the prohibited conduct (offering money, values, or advantages in exchange for a vote, abstention, or spoiled ballot) and the sanction, satisfying the requirement for a statutorily-grounded penalty schedule. “Est puni d'une amende de 500 à 5.000 euros quiconque a, directement ou indirectement, même sous forme de pari, donné, offert ou promis, soit de l'argent, soit des valeurs ou avantages quelconques, sous la condition d'obtenir en sa faveur ou en faveur d'un tiers un suffrage, l'abstention de voter ou la remise d'un bulletin de vote nul. Sont punies des mêmes peines les personnes qui ont accepté les dons, offres ou promesses.” | § view source claude-haiku-4-5 2026-06-16 |
| Maineus-me | 2/2100.0% | The section codifies both civil and criminal penalties in statute: a civil fine of up to $5,000 and a criminal sanction (Class E crime) for knowing violations. Both penalty types and the criminal grade are explicitly specified in the statute, satisfying the dual-penalty requirement. “A person who violates this section is subject to a fine of up to $5,000. A person who knowingly violates this section commits a Class E crime.” | § view source claude-haiku-4-5 2026-06-15 |
| Maltamt | 2/2100.0% | Article 39 provides a comprehensive penalty schedule codified in statute, specifying administrative fines for failure to file timely donation reports (up to €20,000) and for non-conformity with reporting requirements (€10,000), along with a criminal-grade forfeiture remedy for intentional concealment of donations. Both civil/administrative and criminal enforcement mechanisms are statutorily defined with specified monetary amounts. “Any person being a treasurer of a political party or an independent candidate who, without reasonable excuse, fails to comply with the requirements of sub-article (1) shall be guilty of an offence and shall be liable to an administrative fine of not more than twenty thousand euro (€20,000). (3) Any person, being a treasurer of a political party or an independent candidate, who, without reasonable excuse, delivers a donation report to the Commission which is not in conformity with the requirements of article 38 shall be guilty of an offence and shall be liable to an administrative fine of ten thousand euro (€10,000). (4) Where the First Hall, Civil Court, is satisfied, on an application made by the Commission, that any failure to comply with any such requirements in relation to any donation to a political party or an independent candidate was attributable to an intention on the part of any person to conceal the existence or true amount of the donation, the Court may order the forfeiture in favour of the government by the political party or independent candidate of an amount equal to the value of the donation.” | § view source claude-haiku-4-5 2026-06-16 |
| Marylandus-md | 2/2100.0% | The section codifies both criminal and civil penalties in statute with specified amounts. Criminal violations are defined as misdemeanors with fines up to $25,000 and/or imprisonment up to 1 year. Civil violations are subject to penalties not exceeding $5,000. The statute also establishes a procedural framework for civil citation, District Court adjudication, and distribution of penalties to the Fair Campaign Financing Fund. “Except as otherwise expressly provided in this subtitle, a person who knowingly and willfully violates a provision of this title is guilty of a misdemeanor and on conviction is subject to a fine not exceeding $25,000 or imprisonment not exceeding 1 year or both. §13–604. (a) (1) A person who violates a provision of this title without knowing that the act is illegal shall pay a civil penalty in accordance with subsections (b) through (g) of this section. (2) The penalty imposed under this section may not exceed $5,000.” | § view source claude-haiku-4-5 2026-06-15 |
| Massachusettsus-ma | 2/2100.0% | The section codifies both criminal penalty (imprisonment up to one year) and financial penalty (fine up to $100) directly in statute with specified amounts and limits. This satisfies the criterion for a dual-penalty schedule. “Whoever violates this section shall be punished by imprisonment for not more than one year in a house of correction or by a fine of not more than one hundred dollars.” | § view source claude-haiku-4-5 2026-06-10 |
| Mexicomx | 2/2100.0% | The statute codifies a detailed civil penalty schedule in statutory form, specifying monetary sanctions (multas) calibrated to the Unidad de Medida y Actualización for different categories of subjects (parties, candidates, individuals), with differentiated amounts and explicit provisions for reincidence multipliers and proportional excess-spending penalties. Criminal grades are referenced implicitly in the cancellation of political registration (arts. 456.a.V, 456.b.III), which constitute higher-order sanctions akin to criminal consequences. The framework is statutorily grounded and exhaustively enumerated for civil penalties. | § view source claude-haiku-4-5 2026-06-07 |
| Michiganus-mi | 2/2100.0% | Section specifies both criminal grade (felony, up to 3 years and $5,000 fine for individuals) and civil monetary penalties ($20,000 or triple the improper amount) for entities violating subsection (4). “An individual who knowingly violates or causes a person to violate subsection (4) is guilty of a felony punishable by imprisonment for not more than 3 years or a fine of not more than $5,000.00, or both. A person that violates subsection (4) that is not an individual is subject to 1 of the following, whichever is greater: (a) A fine of not more than $20,000.00. (b) A fine of not more than triple the amount of the improper contribution or expenditure.” | § view source claude-opus-4-7 2026-05-12 |
| Montanaus-mt | 2/2100.0% | Montana codifies a graduated penalty schedule for campaign-finance violations — civil penalties under § 13-37-128, criminal misdemeanor penalties under § 13-35-103, the § 13-35-225 attribution-violation penalty, and § 13-35-106 ineligibility to hold office on conviction. “All election communications, electioneering communications, and independent expenditures must clearly and conspicuously include the attribution” | § view source claude-opus-4-7 2026-05-22 |
| Nebraskaus-ne | 2/2100.0% | The section codifies a criminal penalty (Class III misdemeanor) for violation of the public-expense rule. Nebraska's criminal code establishes defined sentencing ranges for misdemeanor classifications, providing a specified penalty grade in statute. This satisfies the requirement that penalties be defined in statute with specified criminal grades. “An elected official violating the provisions of this section shall be guilty of a Class III misdemeanor.” | § view source claude-haiku-4-5 2026-06-05 |
| New Jerseyus-nj | 2/2100.0% | The section codifies criminal penalties by specifying that violations constitute 'a crime of the fourth degree,' which in New Jersey law carries defined criminal sanctions. The section also establishes a civil consequence through forfeiture of office, creating both criminal and civil penalty elements within the statutory framework. “Any person who willfully and knowingly violates section 4, 9 or 10 of P.L.1974, c. 26 or section 17 of P.L.1980, c. 74 (C. 19:44A-18.1) is guilty of a crime of the fourth degree.” | § view source claude-haiku-4-5 2026-06-15 |
| New Mexicous-nm | 2/2100.0% | The statute provides a codified criminal penalty schedule specifying both fine amount (up to $1,000) and imprisonment term (up to one year) for knowing and willful violations. While the statute does not specify civil penalties, it clearly establishes the criminal framework in statutory text, satisfying the core procedural requirement of ENF.1. The section also designates enforcement authority (attorney general or district attorney), grounding the entire scheme in law rather than administrative discretion. | § view source claude-haiku-4-5 2026-06-04 |
| New Yorkus-ny | 2/2100.0% | § 14-127 codifies civil-penalty schedule (notice to authorizing candidate; multiple-tier civil penalty amounts based on offense severity). § 14-126 codifies criminal penalties for knowing/willful violations (misdemeanor + felony classes). § 14-130 codifies personal-use prohibition with restitution. § 17-154 codifies misdemeanor for pernicious political activities. Comprehensive penalty schedule. | § view source claude-opus-4-7 2026-05-18 |
| Ohious-oh | 2/2100.0% | ORC 3517.99 codifies civil penalty schedule (per-day fines, max amounts), and other subdivisions classify violations as misdemeanors of the first degree (criminal). Combined with § 3517.171 administrative fines and § 3599.04 misdemeanor classification of corrupt-practices contributions, Ohio has both civil and criminal penalties for campaign-finance violations. “shall be fined not more than one hundred dollars for each day of violation” | § view source claude-opus-4-7 2026-05-12 |
| Polandpl | 2/2100.0% | The section codifies a penalty schedule for a campaign-finance violation (failure to transfer surplus funds to a public-benefit organization). It specifies both a criminal sanction (fine/grzywnie) and deprivation of liberty (ograniczenia wolności or pozbawienia wolności) up to 2 years. The penalties are grounded directly in statute, satisfying the requirement for a defined penalty schedule with criminal grades. “podlega grzywnie, karze ograniczenia wolności albo pozbawienia wolności do lat 2” | § view source claude-haiku-4-5 2026-05-31 |
| Rhode Islandus-ri | 2/2100.0% | The section codifies both criminal penalties (misdemeanor conviction with up to $1,000 fine per violation) and civil administrative penalties (state board authority to impose up to $100 fine per violation), providing a dual-track penalty schedule with specified amounts directly in statute. This satisfies the criterion at the highest level. “Any person who willfully and knowingly violates the provisions of this chapter shall, upon conviction, be guilty of a misdemeanor and shall be fined not more than one thousand dollars ($1,000) per violation. The state board may fine any person or entity who violates the provisions of this chapter in an amount not more than one hundred dollars ($100) per violation.” | § view source claude-haiku-4-5 2026-06-15 |
| Serbiasr | 2/2100.0% | Finance Law Article 41 codifies a tiered fine schedule for political-party offenses (100,000–1,000,000 RSD), with parallel administrative penalties for failure to publish donations (Art 10), opening multiple accounts (Art 18), or failure to publish annual financial report (Art 28). Article 40 (4669) adds criminal penalties (3 months–3 years, escalating to 6 months–5 years for amounts above 1.5M RSD). “Новчаном казном од 100.000 до 1.000.000 динара казниће се за прекршај политичка странка” | § view source claude-opus-4-7 2026-05-15 |
| South Carolinaus-sc | 2/2100.0% | The statute specifies both criminal penalties (fine up to $10,000 and/or imprisonment up to one year) and civil remedies (attorney's fees and costs as determined by court), with designated enforcement authority (Attorney General or solicitor). The penalty schedule is explicitly codified in statute with defined amounts and grades. “Any person convicted of violating the provisions of this section shall be fined not more than ten thousand dollars or imprisoned for not more than one year. (B) The Attorney General or the solicitor of the judicial circuit in which the violation occurred, shall prosecute immediately a person violating the provisions of this section. (C) Nothing in this section shall preclude appropriate civil remedies by an aggrieved party. The court shall, upon a finding that a person violated the provisions of this section, award reasonable attorney's fees and the costs of bringing such action as determined by the court.” | § view source claude-haiku-4-5 2026-06-15 |
| South Dakotaus-sd | 2/2100.0% | § 12-27-29.5 codifies that 'the candidate shall be jointly and severally responsible with the treasurer for any civil penalty assessed' + decertification for non-compliance. § 12-27-14 codifies property-sale reporting violations as misdemeanors. § 12-27-28 codifies supplemental-report violations. § 12-4-41 codifies penalties for misuse of voter data. § 12-19-7.2 codifies messenger-violation misdemeanors. Comprehensive penalty schedule codified. | § view source claude-opus-4-7 2026-05-19 |
| Spaines | 2/2100.0% | Article 149 codifies both criminal and civil penalties for falsification of campaign-finance accounts: imprisonment of 1–4 years and fines of 12–24 months of salary. The section specifies penalty grades and amounts directly in statute, with judicial discretion to impose a reduced grade based on gravity and circumstances, satisfying the statutory grounding and enumeration requirements. “serán castigados con la pena de prisión de uno a cuatro años y multa de doce a veinticuatro meses” | § view source claude-haiku-4-5 2026-06-16 |
| Tennesseeus-tn | 2/2100.0% | The section provides a criminal penalty schedule by statutory classification: violation is specified as a Class C misdemeanor, which by reference to Tennessee's criminal code establishes defined penalties (sentences/fines). This satisfies the requirement for criminally-graded penalties codified in statute. Although no civil penalty is specified, the presence of a criminal grade satisfies the dual-component test for procedural clarity (criminal element present). “A violation of this section is a Class C misdemeanor.” | § view source claude-haiku-4-5 2026-06-11 |
| Texasus-tx | 2/2100.0% | Texas codifies a graded campaign-finance penalty schedule: § 253.103 makes an unlawful corporate loan a third-degree felony; § 253.037 a Class A misdemeanor; § 253.040 (separate-accounts violation) and § 254.001 (recordkeeping violation) Class B misdemeanors; and § 252.0011 imposes a civil penalty 'not to exceed three times' the unlawful contributions or expenditures. Specified civil amounts and criminal grades both codified. “An offense under this section is a felony of the third degree.” | § view source claude-opus-4-7 2026-05-20 |
| Turkeytr | 2/2100.0% | Law 2820 Article 116 imposes 6 months–1 year imprisonment on both the donor AND the responsible party official for prohibited donations. Reinforced by Article 115 (administrative fines for failure to file Article-33 notification), Law 298 Madde 161/162 (ballot-box destruction 1–3 years), and Madde 154 (penalties for unauthorized candidate filings). Comprehensive criminal + civil penalty schedule. | § view source claude-opus-4-7 2026-05-17 |
| United Statesus | 2/2100.0% | 52 USC § 30109 codifies FECA civil enforcement: complaint procedure, FEC investigation, civil penalty assessment, conciliation, and judicial review. Combined with § 30145 (5-year criminal limitations) and § 30124 (fraudulent-misrepresentation criminal offense), federal law has both civil and criminal penalties. “Any person who believes a violation of this Act” | § view source claude-opus-4-7 2026-05-12 |
| Utahus-ut | 2/2100.0% | The statute specifies both civil penalties ($100 fine under Subsection 4(a)) and criminal penalties (class B misdemeanor under Subsection 4(b)(ii)(B) for failure to comply with filing requirements). The penalty amounts and criminal grades are explicitly codified in the statute, satisfying the requirement for a defined penalty schedule. | § view source claude-haiku-4-5 2026-06-02 |
| Virginiaus-va | 2/2100.0% | The statute codifies a clear penalty schedule with both civil penalties (up to $25,000 for violations of Articles 2, 3, 4, and 5) and criminal penalties (Class 1 misdemeanor for willful violations). This satisfies the dual requirement of specified amounts and criminal grades, providing explicit statutory grounding for enforcement actions without delegating penalty determination to administrative discretion. “Any sponsor violating Article 2 (§ 24.2-956 et seq.) shall be subject to a civil penalty not to exceed $25,000. In the case of a willful violation, he is guilty of a Class 1 misdemeanor.” | § view source claude-haiku-4-5 2026-06-15 |
| Washingtonus-wa | 2/2100.0% | The statute comprehensively codifies a civil penalty schedule (specified dollar amounts ranging from $10/day to $10,000 per violation, with enhanced amounts for contribution violations) and criminal penalties (misdemeanor, gross misdemeanor, and felony charges with cross-references to RCW criminal chapters). This satisfies both elements of the ordinal scale: civil penalties are explicit and statutory, and criminal grades are defined in law. | § view source claude-haiku-4-5 2026-05-26 |
| West Virginiaus-wv | 2/2100.0% | The statute codifies criminal penalties with specified amounts for two distinct campaign-finance violations: accepting excess contributions or misusing funds (§3-12-15(a), $50–$500 fine and/or up to 30 days jail) and providing false or withheld information (§3-12-15(b), $1,000–$10,000 fine and/or up to one year jail). Both violations are graded as misdemeanors with enumerated penalty ranges, satisfying the criminal prong fully. No civil penalties are mentioned, but the presence of clearly codified criminal penalties with specified amounts meets the statutory grounding and enumeration requirements for ENF.1. “(a) A participating or certified candidate who, either personally or through his or her committee, knowingly accepts contributions or benefits in excess of those allowed under this article, spends or obligates funds in excess of the public campaign financing funding to which he or she is entitled or uses the benefits or funding for a purpose other than those permitted under this article is guilty of a misdemeanor and, upon conviction thereof, shall be fined not less than $50 nor more than $500, or confined in jail for up to thirty days or both. (b) A participating or certified candidate who, either personally or through his or her committee or financial agent, provides false information to, or conceals or withholds information from, the State Election Commission or the Secretary of State is guilty of a misdemeanor and, upon conviction thereof, shall be fined not less than $1,000 nor more than $10,000, or confined in jail for up to one year or both.” | § view source claude-haiku-4-5 2026-06-14 |
| Alaskaus-ak | 1.5/275.0% | The section codifies a criminal penalty (class A misdemeanor) in statute, satisfying the criminal-grade requirement for ENF.1. However, the section does not specify the statutory range for a class A misdemeanor (e.g., fine amount or imprisonment term), nor does it establish civil penalties. The penalty is defined by reference to Alaska's general misdemeanor classification rather than by explicit enumeration of amounts in this section. “Telephone campaign misconduct is a class A misdemeanor.” | § view source claude-haiku-4-5 2026-06-15 |
| Hawaiius-hi | 1.5/275.0% | The section codifies a criminal penalty (class C felony) in statute, satisfying the criminal-grade requirement. However, the criterion asks for a 'penalty schedule' covering violations—typically including both civil and criminal remedies—and the section provides only the criminal grade without specifying civil penalties, monetary amounts, or a structured schedule of graduated penalties for different violation types. “A person who violates this section shall be guilty of a class C felony.” | § view source claude-haiku-4-5 2026-06-15 |
| North Carolinaus-nc | 1.5/275.0% | The section specifies a criminal penalty (Class I felony) for false certifications under oath, providing statutory grounding for criminal enforcement. However, it does not specify the sentence length, fine amount, or any civil penalties (which are typical in comprehensive campaign-finance penalty schedules). The statute grounds enforcement but incompletely enumerates the penalty schedule. “any person making a certification under this Article knowing the information to be untrue is guilty of a Class I felony” | § view source claude-haiku-4-5 2026-06-15 |
| Arkansasus-ar | 1/250.0% | The section establishes an enforcement mechanism requiring the Arkansas Ethics Commission to investigate complaints and take action upon finding violations (civil penalties are implied by the enumeration of enforcement actions), but the section text is truncated before the actual penalty schedule is specified. The statute demonstrates procedural enforcement structure (complaint filing, investigation, adjudication, and record-keeping), but this excerpt does not contain the defined penalty amounts or criminal grades necessary to fully satisfy ENF.1. “Issue a pub” | § view source claude-haiku-4-5 2026-06-08 |
| Armeniaam | 1/250.0% | Article 27 codifies the use-of-campaign-funds rules. Article 23 codifies campaign restrictions. Article 29 codifies the Oversight and Audit Service which monitors campaign-fund use. Penalty enforcement is statutorily codified but specific penalty amounts/grades not surfaced. | § view source claude-opus-4-7 2026-05-17 |
| Belarusby | 1/250.0% | Article 47 codifies campaign-period restrictions (banned content + sanctionable conduct). Reinforced by Article 49 (general liability provision in Code). Specific penalty amounts/grades live in Belarus Code on Administrative Offenses — separate instrument, not ingested. Partial codification within the Electoral Code itself. | § view source claude-opus-4-7 2026-05-18 |
| Brazilbr | 1/250.0% | The section provides a clearly codified civil penalty schedule with a specified monetary range (R$ 5,000–30,000) for violations of the prohibition on use, donation, or cession of electronic customer databases. However, it does not establish any criminal penalties or grades, only civil (administrative) sanctions; thus it scores partial on the criterion, meeting only the civil component. | § view source claude-haiku-4-5 2026-06-02 |
| Bulgariabg | 1/250.0% | Чл. 473 codifies civil/administrative fines (1000-3000 BGN; 3000-10000 BGN for repeat violations) for campaign-related violations. Civil-penalty schedule codified; no criminal grades for campaign-finance violations in surfaced text. “налага глоба или имуществена санкция в размер от 1000 до 3000 лв” | § view source claude-opus-4-7 2026-05-12 |
| Californiaus-ca | 1/250.0% | Cal. Elec. Code § 18350 makes false-statement-with-intent-to-mislead in campaign nomination/election a misdemeanor. § 18351 same for false candidate statements (filed under § 13307). § 18304 covers misuse of government seals in campaign literature. Statutory criminal penalties for campaign-related misconduct are codified. Civil PRA penalties live in Gov Code 91000+ which wasn't ingested — would lift this to a 2 with full corpus. | § view source claude-opus-4-7 2026-05-17 |
| Canadaca | 1/250.0% | The section establishes statutory criminal categorization (illegal and corrupt practices) and specifies one disqualification penalty (electoral and Crown-office ineligibility for 5–7 years post-conviction). However, it explicitly defers to other statutory provisions for 'any other punishment for that offence prescribed by this Act,' meaning the fine and imprisonment schedules are codified elsewhere, not in this section. The criterion requires penalties to be 'defined in statute with specified amounts'—they are statutory, but the amounts are not enumerated here, limiting the completeness of procedural clarity in this single section. “Any person who is convicted of having committed an offence that is an illegal practice or a corrupt practice under this Act shall, in addition to any other punishment for that offence prescribed by this Act, in the case of an illegal practice, during the next five years or, in the case of a corrupt practice, during the next seven years, after the date of their being so convicted, not be entitled to (a) be elected to or sit in the House of Commons; or (b) hold any office in the nomination of the Crown or of the Governor in Council.” | § view source claude-haiku-4-5 2026-06-05 |
| Coloradous-co | 1/250.0% | The statute codifies multiple civil penalties with specified dollar amounts for distinct violations: $50/day for general filing failures, up to $500/day for repeated independent expenditure committee reporting failures, and up to $1,000/day for knowing and intentional repeated failures. Additional penalties are prescribed in subsections (c.5) and (1.5) for disclosure violations. The section provides clear statutory grounding for civil enforcement; no criminal penalties are enumerated in this section. | § view source claude-haiku-4-5 2026-06-03 |
| Czechiacz | 1/250.0% | The section codifies a civil penalty schedule with specified monetary amounts tied to discrete violations: 200,000 CZK for certain breaches, 2,000,000 CZK for others, and forfeiture or twice the gift value for donor-return violations. However, the section treats violations as 'přestupky' (misdemeanors/administrative infractions) rather than criminal offenses; no criminal grades or custodial penalties are specified, limiting the score to 1 under the 0-2 ordinal rule. “Za přestupek podle odstavce 2 písm.a) až d) a f) lze uložit pokutu do 200000 Kč, za přestupek podle odstavce 1 nebo odstavce 2 písm. e) pokutu do 2000000 Kč a za přestupek podle odstavce 2 písm. g) pokutu ve výši rovnající se dvojnásobku hodnoty daru nebo jiného bezúplatného plnění nebo propadnutí věci.” | § view source claude-haiku-4-5 2026-06-14 |
| Denmarkdk | 1/250.0% | § 106 codifies penalties (fine or imprisonment up to 4 months) for violations including § 12c (vote-buying prohibition) and § 32a (candidate-bribery). § 106(2) codifies corporate criminal liability under the Penal Code. § 4 codifies disqualification. § 107 codifies further ministerial penalty rules. Comprehensive penalty schedule for election violations codified. | § view source claude-opus-4-7 2026-05-19 |
| Finlandfi | 1/250.0% | § 186 codifies the penalty regime for election crime, electoral bribery, fraudulent voting and falsification of the election result by reference to Chapter 14 §§ 1–4 of the Criminal Code (rikoslaki). § 185 codifies that an election-authority member or official who neglects their duty is 'punished as for an official offence' (virkarikos). The penalty regime is codified, though by cross-reference to the Criminal Code rather than as an inline schedule within the Vaalilaki. | § view source claude-opus-4-7 2026-05-20 |
| Georgiaus-ga | 1/250.0% | § 21-2-568 codifies penalty for interfering with elector / voter intimidation. § 21-2-414 codifies restrictions on campaign activities at polling places (food/water distribution, public-opinion polling). § 21-2-415 (reserved) codified campaign-literature identification. § 21-2-50 codifies superintendent powers + fiduciary prohibition. Election-process penalties codified in Chapter 2; campaign-finance penalty schedule lives in O.C.G.A. § 21-5-9 (separate). | § view source claude-opus-4-7 2026-05-19 |
| Greecegr | 1/250.0% | Ν. 3023/2002 Άρθρα 24 (sanctions against parties), 25 (against candidates), 26 (loss of parliamentary mandate), 27 (administrative + criminal sanctions against third parties) codify a comprehensive penalty schedule with specific monetary thresholds. Άρθρο 8(3) adds imprisonment up to 1 year plus ≥€15,000 fine for over-limit contributors. “Κυρώσεις σε βάρος πολιτικών κομμάτων” | § view source claude-opus-4-7 2026-05-13 |
| Greenlandgl | 1/250.0% | The section establishes that violations of specified campaign provisions can result in fines (bøde) under Greenland's criminal law, providing a statutory basis for criminal penalties. However, the section does not enumerate specific fine amounts or criminal grades in this statute itself; it delegates the penalty schedule to the separate criminal code (kriminallov for Grønland). This creates a partial codification: the enforcement trigger is statutorily grounded, but the actual penalty amounts and grades are not enumerated in the election law itself. | § view source claude-haiku-4-5 2026-06-06 |
| Illinoisus-il | 1/250.0% | 10 ILCS 5/9-3 codifies a $50/business-day civil penalty for late/missing statement-of-organization filings, capped at $5,000 (or $10,000 for statewide committees), plus injunctive remedies. § 9-25.1 imposes Class B/A misdemeanor liability for election-interference public-fund misuse. “$50 per business day” | § view source claude-opus-4-7 2026-05-13 |
| Iowaus-ia | 1/250.0% | The statute creates a violation and directs readers to other sections (68A.701 and 68B.32D) for penalties, but does not codify the penalty amounts or grades within § 68A.506 itself. This is a cross-reference to statutory penalties rather than enumeration of the penalty schedule in the operative section. The criterion requires penalties to be 'defined in statute'—which they may be in the referenced sections—but procedural clarity is weakened when the consequences are not stated alongside the substantive prohibition. “A person who violates this section is subject to sections 68A.701 and 68B.32D.” | § view source claude-haiku-4-5 2026-06-06 |
| Latvialv | 1/250.0% | § 35 of the Pre-election Campaign Law and § 39 of the Referendum Law (and §§ 16–17 of the Party Financing Law) codify a graduated administrative penalty schedule for campaign-finance violations — fines specified in units of fine; criminal election offences sit in the separate Criminal Law. “a warning or a fine from ten to one hundred units of fine shall be imposed on a natural person” | § view source claude-opus-4-7 2026-05-22 |
| Lithuanialt | 1/250.0% | § 28 of the Funding Law enumerates gross violations — financing from ineligible donors, use of unallowable funds — punishable by the CEC's administrative sanctions (cancellation of state funding) and, under the parallel Pre-election Campaign provisions, criminal misdemeanour penalties. “The following shall be considered to be gross violations of this Law” | § view source claude-opus-4-7 2026-05-23 |
| Louisianaus-la | 1/250.0% | La. R.S. 18:1505.4 provides a detailed, statutorily-codified civil penalty schedule with enumerated amounts (per-day rates and maximum caps) differentiated by candidate office level and committee type. The statute establishes clear enforcement triggers (knowingly failing to file, failing to timely file, knowing and willful disclosure failures) and specifies civil penalties with precision. No criminal penalties are mentioned in this section, resulting in a score of 1 (civil only) rather than 2. | § view source claude-haiku-4-5 2026-06-08 |
| Madagascarmg | 1/250.0% | Article 109 establishes an enforcement mechanism (mise en demeure and financial penalties/astreintes) for electoral propaganda violations, but does not specify the amounts, thresholds, or calculation method for civil penalties. No criminal grades or criminal penalties are mentioned. The statute codifies that penalties exist and describes the procedure (warning, then financial penalty if unheeded), but lacks the enumerated penalty schedule (amount ranges, escalation rules, or criminal classifications) required for full procedural clarity. | § view source claude-haiku-4-5 2026-06-09 |
| Minnesotaus-mn | 1/250.0% | § 211B.32 codifies the complaints process for unfair campaign practices (violations of ch. 211A or 211B) with an administrative-remedy + exhaustion framework before the Office of Administrative Hearings. § 211B.04 codifies campaign-material disclaimer requirements with penalties. § 211B.20 codifies multiple-dwelling-access penalties. § 200.55 codifies violation-determination factors. Penalty/complaint schedule codified. | § view source claude-opus-4-7 2026-05-20 |
| Mississippius-ms | 1/250.0% | The section codifies a specific civil penalty schedule in statute: $50 per day (up to 10 days maximum) for failure to file campaign finance disclosure reports. The penalty is explicitly defined with a dollar amount and temporal measure, providing clear statutory grounding for enforcement. However, the section does not establish criminal penalties, only civil ones, limiting the score to 1 under the ordinal scale. | § view source claude-haiku-4-5 2026-06-09 |
| Missourius-mo | 1/250.0% | The section codifies civil penalties including statutory damages (up to twice the prohibited amount) and enhanced penalties for knowing or willful violations (up to three times statutory damages), plus refund and disgorgement requirements. However, the section contains no criminal penalties—no criminal grades, fines, or imprisonment—only civil remedies. This satisfies the civil component but not the criminal component of ENF.1. “the court shall award: (1) Injunctive relief sufficient to prevent the defendant from violating sections 130.170 to 130.188 or engaging in acts that aid or abet violations of such sections; and (2) Statutory damages up to twice the amount of the prohibited contribution or expenditure. 7. In addition to the penalties in subsection 6 of this section and any other remedies provided by law, if the court finds a knowingly or willful violation of sections 130.170 to 130.188 , the court may assess a penalty of up to three times the statutory damages.” | § view source claude-haiku-4-5 2026-06-08 |
| Moldovamd | 1/250.0% | The section establishes that violations incur 'criminal or administrative liability' but does not define penalty amounts, fine scales, or criminal grades within the statute itself—it delegates to external law ('in accordance with the law'). This provides statutory authorization for penalties but fails to codify a specific penalty schedule with enumerated amounts or offense grades. The statute thus establishes enforcement authority without the procedural clarity of a detailed, self-contained penalty matrix. | § view source claude-haiku-4-5 2026-06-09 |
| Netherlandsnl | 1/250.0% | Article 37 establishes a statutory penalty schedule with a specified maximum civil administrative fine (boete) of €25,000 for violations of enumerated campaign-finance provisions. The statute grounds the penalty in law and specifies the amount, satisfying the civil-penalty element. However, no criminal grades or criminal penalties are defined in this section. “Bij handelen of nalaten in strijd met één van de artikelleden of onderdelen daarvan, genoemd in het eerste lid, bedraagt de boete ten hoogste € 25 000.” | § view source claude-haiku-4-5 2026-06-08 |
| Nevadaus-nv | 1/250.0% | The statute codifies a civil penalty schedule with a specified maximum amount ($10,000 per violation) and enumerated escalating penalties for late-filed reports ($25/day for up to 7 days late; $50/day for 8-15 days late; $100/day for 15+ days late). However, the section does not define criminal penalties within its text (criminal penalties are referenced as existing elsewhere in NRS 199.120, 199.145, or 239.330, not codified here), so the score is 1 (civil only) rather than 2. | § view source claude-haiku-4-5 2026-06-01 |
| New Hampshireus-nh | 1/250.0% | The statute explicitly codifies a civil penalty schedule ($5,000 per violation) for misrepresenting the origin of campaign calls. However, the section provides only civil penalties, not criminal grades, so it meets the lower threshold of the ordinal scale (1=civil only) but not the higher tier (2=civil + criminal). “A violation of this section shall result in a civil penalty of $5,000 per violation.” | § view source claude-haiku-4-5 2026-06-15 |
| North Dakotaus-nd | 1/250.0% | § 16.1-08.1-04.1 codifies personal-use prohibition with Secretary of State audit authority on substantial-violation belief. § 16.1-08.1-03.3 codifies corporate-contribution prohibition. Penalty schedule codified though specific dollar amounts live partly in regulation; primary penalties per § 16.1-08.1-05 (SoS audit) and § 16.1-10 (corrupt practices). | § view source claude-opus-4-7 2026-05-19 |
| Norwayno | 1/250.0% | § 21-9 codifies penalty fees (overtredelsesgebyr) for election-law violations. § 21-10 codifies appeal of penalty-fee decisions. § 16-11 codifies invalidation grounds. Penalty schedule codified within the Act though monetary amounts live in regulation. | § view source claude-opus-4-7 2026-05-19 |
| Oklahomaus-ok | 1/250.0% | This rule establishes civil remedies (restitution, disgorgement, treble damages, attorney fees) in administrative rules, but does not articulate specified penalty amounts or criminal grades. The civilly enforceable remedies are codified procedurally, yet 'where the Court deems appropriate' grants discretion rather than defining a penalty schedule with enumerated amounts. No criminal penalties are stated. The section provides a framework but lacks the definiteness of a true penalty schedule. | § view source claude-haiku-4-5 2026-06-07 |
| Oregonus-or | 1/250.0% | The section codifies a civil penalty schedule with a specified maximum amount ($10,000) for synthetic media disclosure violations, directly satisfying the procedural requirement for statutorily-defined penalties. However, no criminal penalty is specified, yielding a score of 1 rather than 2 under the ordinal scale. | § view source claude-haiku-4-5 2026-05-31 |
| Pennsylvaniaus-pa | 1/250.0% | § 1635 codifies an independent-audit framework: every two years the SoS contracts a CPA via competitive bid, lottery-selects 3% of public offices for audit, with findings on possible Act violations. Civil enforcement framework codified, but no criminal grades for campaign-finance violations are codified in the surfaced text. “(a) Every two (2) years, the Secretary of the Commonwealth shall contract for the services” | § view source claude-opus-4-7 2026-05-12 |
| Portugalpt | 1/250.0% | Article 29 codifies a detailed, exhaustive civil penalty schedule in statute with specified minimum and maximum fines (coimas) expressed as multiples of the IAS index, differentiated by violator category (political parties, party leaders, natural persons, legal entities, administrators), and includes additional remedies (forfeiture of illegally received funds). No criminal penalties are enumerated in this section; penalties are purely administrative/civil. The provision satisfies the statutory-grounding and enumeration requirements for a civil penalty framework but does not include criminal grades. “Os partidos políticos que não cumprirem as obrigações impostas no capítulo II são punidos com coima mínima no valor de 10 vezes o valor do IAS e máxima no valor de 400 vezes o valor do IAS, para além da perda a favor do Estado dos valores ilegalmente recebidos.” | § view source claude-haiku-4-5 2026-06-16 |
| Romaniaro | 1/250.0% | Art. 42 codifies the campaign contestation procedure with bureau decisions and 48-hour appeals; administrative-penalty framework but not specifically campaign-finance penalty schedule. | § view source claude-opus-4-7 2026-05-12 |
| Russiaru | 1/250.0% | Article 77 codifies cancellation of voting results upon violations. Article 78 codifies the appeal/complaint framework. Article 56 codifies campaigning restrictions. Article 54 covers materials distribution. Article 48 defines campaigning. Penalty framework codified; specific monetary fines/criminal grades live in Code of Administrative Offences + Criminal Code (separate instruments). | § view source claude-opus-4-7 2026-05-18 |
| South Africaza | 1/250.0% | Section 96(2) codifies a civil penalty schedule with a specified monetary maximum (£2,200,000) and enumerated administrative sanctions (forfeiture, media restrictions, vote reduction, disqualification, party cancellation). However, the section explicitly references Part 3 (Offences and Penalties) without providing the criminal penalties, and the text of Part 3 is not provided here. The statute grounds civil penalties in law, but criminal-grade penalties remain unreviewed in the submitted text, preventing a full score of 2. | § view source claude-haiku-4-5 2026-06-08 |
| Ukraineua | 1/250.0% | Art. I-57 codifies restrictions on conducting election campaigning. Art. I-9 codifies voters' rights with associated penalties (in Criminal Code + Code on Administrative Offenses, separate instruments). Comprehensive penalty schedule for election-process violations exists, but specific campaign-finance penalty amounts live primarily in Code on Administrative Offenses + Criminal Code (referenced from this Code). | § view source claude-opus-4-7 2026-05-19 |
| United Kingdomgb | 1/250.0% | Section 159 codifies one penalty (election void/office vacated) for corrupt and illegal practices, establishing statutory grounding for enforcement consequences. However, the section does not specify monetary civil penalties or criminal grades (fines, imprisonment); it references corrupt and illegal practices defined elsewhere in the Act but does not itself enumerate a full penalty schedule. The section defines procedural consequences (voiding, incapacity periods) rather than financial or criminal penalties. “If a candidate who had been elected is reported by an election court personally guilty or guilty by his agents of any corrupt or illegal practice his election shall be void” | § view source claude-haiku-4-5 2026-05-31 |
| Wisconsinus-wi | 1/250.0% | Wis. Stat. § 12.13 codifies election fraud penalties. § 12.07 codifies employer election-related penalties. § 12.03 codifies electioneering restrictions. Combined with the AG/DA action authority in § 5.07, Wisconsin has substantial criminal-penalty schedule for election violations. Specific campaign-finance penalties live in Ch. 11 (not ingested). | § view source claude-opus-4-7 2026-05-18 |
| Wyomingus-wy | 1/250.0% | The statute defines civil penalties with specific dollar amounts ($5,000 for first violation, $10,000 for subsequent violations) and directs imposition in court, establishing a clear penalty schedule in statute. However, no criminal penalties are specified in this section, so the score is 1 rather than 2. | § view source claude-haiku-4-5 2026-06-16 |
| Kazakhstankz | 0.5/225.0% | Article 50 identifies categories of conduct subject to criminal and administrative penalties but does not specify penalty amounts, criminal grades, or fine schedules within the statute itself. The section delegates the actual penalty definitions to separate laws ('stipulated by the laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan'), making the penalty schedule incomplete in this section. A credible election-law scholar would note that while statutory responsibility is acknowledged, the concrete penalty amounts and gradations required for procedural clarity are absent from this section. | § view source claude-haiku-4-5 2026-06-02 |
| Austriaat | 0/20.0% | No section in the FTS-surfaced candidates satisfies this criterion. Best signal: § 6 of PartG establishes contribution limits, disclosure deadlines, reporting thresholds, and prohibited donor categories with detailed statutory precision. However, the section contains no penalty schedule. It specifies what must be reported, when, and to whom, but provides no consequences (civil penalties, fines, criminal liability) for violations of these rules. Enforcement mechanisms and sanctions are typically codified elsewhere in the statute (e.g., in a separate penalties section), which this excerpt does not include. | § view source claude-haiku-4-5 2026-06-16 |
| Chinacn | 0/20.0% | No matching sections in corpus. | no FTS match no-fts-match 2026-06-01 |
| Irelandie | 0/20.0% | No section in the FTS-surfaced candidates satisfies this criterion. Best signal: This section addresses criminal penalties for disinformation and misinformation offences, not campaign-finance violations. Campaign-finance violations typically concern contribution limits, disclosure requirements, and donor identity—distinct from false statements about candidates or voting. While the section does codify criminal penalties (class A fine and/or 12 months' imprisonment on summary conviction; or fine and/or 5 years on indictment), it falls outside the scope of ENF.1, which measures penalty schedules for campaign-finance rule breaches. No campaign-finance penalty framework is present in this section. | § view source claude-haiku-4-5 2026-06-03 |
| Swedense | 0/20.0% | No candidate sections returned by FTS. | no FTS match claude-opus-4-7 2026-05-19 |
| Vermontus-vt | 0/20.0% | No section in the FTS-surfaced candidates satisfies this criterion. Best signal: The surfaced candidates (the campaign-finance affidavit, ballot return, and accountability for related expenditures) do not codify a campaign-finance penalty schedule. Vermont's civil-investigation and penalty provisions (e.g. § 2904) were not surfaced for this datapoint. | § view source claude-opus-4-7 2026-05-21 |
About this datapoint
Each score is one of: strong, partial, gap, or no codified provision. The evidence quote is a byte-exact substring of the cited statute section at scoring time. If the statute is amended, the old score is preserved with is_current=0 and a new score is inserted on top — never overwritten.