Election law, scored.
Primary sources. Transparent methodology. Every jurisdiction.
The TrustVoting Atlas scores every jurisdiction's election framework against six public methodologies — covering integrity, access, administration, campaign finance, dispute resolution, and voter confidence — and links every score to the exact statute that justifies it. Built openly so the work can be checked, contested, and extended.
World
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United States
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Leaderboard
| Jurisdiction | Overall | Voting channels | EAdIAdministration | EAIAccess | ECIFinance | EDRIDisputes | EVCIConfidence | EIIIntegrity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Estoniaee Paper only | 59.4% | Election dayEarlyPostalInternet | 47.1% | 60.7% | 80.6% | 81.8% | 33.3% | 53.8% |
Montanaus-mt Paper + scan | 59.0% | Election dayEarlyPostal | 50.0% | 66.1% | 88.9% | 81.8% | 50.0% | 44.3% |
Floridaus-fl Paper + scan | 56.0% | Election dayEarlyPostal | 50.0% | 85.7% | 69.4% | 36.4% | 91.7% | 37.7% |
Kentuckyus-ky Paper + scan | 53.4% | Election dayEarlyPostal | 32.4% | 53.6% | 83.3% | 68.2% | 58.3% | 46.2% |
Texasus-tx MixedBMDPaper + scan | 52.6% | Election dayEarlyPostal | 38.2% | 73.2% | 33.3% | 63.6% | 75.0% | 48.1% |
New Yorkus-ny Paper + scan | 51.5% | Election dayEarlyPostal | 52.9% | 67.9% | 61.1% | 45.5% | 100.0% | 34.9% |
Connecticutus-ct Paper + scan | 49.6% | — | 47.1% | 66.1% | 61.1% | 63.6% | 75.0% | 32.1% |
Georgiaus-ga MixedBMDPaper + scan | 49.6% | Election dayEarlyPostal | 52.9% | 75.0% | 8.3% | 72.7% | 83.3% | 40.6% |
Ohious-oh MixedPaper + scanBMDTouchscreen + paper | 48.9% | Election dayEarlyPostal | 23.5% | 69.6% | 61.1% | 72.7% | 58.3% | 35.8% |
Californiaus-ca Paper + scan | 45.9% | Election dayEarlyPostal | 29.4% | 37.5% | 11.1% | 81.8% | 16.7% | 63.2% |
North Dakotaus-nd Paper + scan | 45.1% | Election dayEarlyPostal | 47.1% | 50.0% | 52.8% | 63.6% | 58.3% | 34.0% |
Washingtonus-wa Paper + scan | 44.7% | EarlyPostal | 43.8% | 57.1% | 55.6% | 50.0% | 41.7% | 34.0% |
Coloradous-co Paper + scan | 44.5% | Election dayEarlyPostal | 21.9% | 50.0% | 57.7% | 63.6% | 75.0% | 37.7% |
South Dakotaus-sd Paper + scan | 44.4% | Election dayEarlyPostal | 41.2% | 60.7% | 50.0% | 36.4% | 66.7% | 34.0% |
Swedense Paper only | 43.6% | Election dayEarlyPostal | 32.4% | 62.5% | 8.3% | 86.4% | 58.3% | 38.7% |
Norwayno Paper only | 42.9% | Election dayEarlyPostal | 35.3% | 60.7% | 19.4% | 81.8% | 58.3% | 34.0% |
Virginiaus-va Paper + scan | 42.5% | — | 23.5% | 64.3% | 44.4% | 54.5% | 58.3% | 32.1% |
Minnesotaus-mn Paper + scan | 42.1% | Election dayEarlyPostal | 41.2% | 55.4% | 27.8% | 40.9% | 58.3% | 38.7% |
West Virginiaus-wv Paper + scan | 41.9% | Election dayEarlyPostal | 26.5% | 60.7% | 61.1% | 59.1% | 45.8% | 26.4% |
Denmarkdk Paper only | 41.0% | Election dayEarlyPostal | 23.5% | 57.1% | 13.9% | 63.6% | 83.3% | 37.7% |
Alabamaus-al Paper + scan | 40.6% | Election dayPostal | 17.6% | 55.4% | 27.8% | 63.6% | 41.7% | 39.6% |
Marylandus-md Paper + scan | 40.6% | — | 44.1% | 55.4% | 66.7% | 27.3% | 16.7% | 28.3% |
Latvialv Paper only | 40.2% | Election dayEarlyPostal | 35.3% | 46.4% | 72.2% | 68.2% | 41.7% | 21.7% |
New Mexicous-nm Paper + scan | 40.2% | Election dayEarlyPostal | 35.3% | 57.1% | 50.0% | 40.9% | 33.3% | 30.2% |
Indianaus-in MixedPaper + scanBMD | 39.5% | Election dayEarlyPostal | 17.6% | 50.0% | 58.3% | 72.7% | 33.3% | 28.3% |
Pennsylvaniaus-pa Paper + scan | 39.5% | Election dayPostal | 26.5% | 69.6% | 44.4% | 54.5% | 41.7% | 22.6% |
| 39.1% | Election dayEarlyPostal | 20.6% | 46.4% | 55.6% | 45.5% | 25.0% | 35.8% | |
Tennesseeus-tn Paper + scan | 39.1% | Election dayEarlyPostal | 23.5% | 55.4% | 44.4% | 31.8% | 50.0% | 34.0% |
Illinoisus-il Paper + scan | 38.7% | Election dayEarlyPostal | 38.2% | 60.7% | 38.9% | 54.5% | 25.0% | 25.5% |
Finlandfi Paper only | 38.3% | Election dayEarlyPostal | 26.5% | 55.4% | 16.7% | 50.0% | 66.7% | 34.9% |
| 38.3% | Election dayEarlyPostal | 23.5% | 66.1% | 44.4% | 59.1% | 66.7% | 18.9% | |
Rhode Islandus-ri Paper + scan | 38.3% | — | 14.7% | 55.4% | 63.9% | 45.5% | 58.3% | 24.5% |
| 38.0% | — | 41.2% | 53.6% | 50.0% | 4.5% | 33.3% | 32.1% | |
Wisconsinus-wi Paper + scan | 37.6% | Election dayEarlyPostal | 26.5% | 17.9% | 5.6% | 59.1% | 50.0% | 56.6% |
Arizonaus-az Paper + scan | 37.2% | Election dayEarlyPostal | 35.3% | 50.0% | 58.3% | 45.5% | 50.0% | 20.8% |
| 37.2% | — | 35.3% | 60.7% | 38.9% | 31.8% | 50.0% | 24.5% | |
Iowaus-ia Paper + scan | 36.8% | Election dayEarlyPostal | 41.2% | 55.4% | 44.4% | 22.7% | 33.3% | 26.4% |
Michiganus-mi Paper + scan | 36.8% | Election dayEarlyPostal | 20.6% | 50.0% | 55.6% | 59.1% | 16.7% | 26.4% |
Alaskaus-ak Paper + scan | 36.6% | — | 26.5% | 63.5% | 61.1% | 50.0% | 58.3% | 13.2% |
New Hampshireus-nh Paper + scan | 36.5% | — | 20.6% | 48.0% | 33.3% | 54.5% | 16.7% | 35.8% |
Nebraskaus-ne Paper + scan | 36.5% | Election dayEarlyPostal | 35.3% | 53.6% | 61.1% | 50.0% | 50.0% | 15.1% |
Mexicomx Paper only | 36.3% | — | 41.2% | 42.9% | 66.7% | 63.6% | 38.3% | 15.1% |
Lithuanialt Paper only | 36.1% | Election dayEarlyPostal | 26.5% | 35.7% | 50.0% | 59.1% | 41.7% | 29.2% |
Vermontus-vt Paper + scan | 36.1% | Election dayEarlyPostal | 14.7% | 60.7% | 33.3% | 36.4% | 58.3% | 28.3% |
Nevadaus-nv Paper + scan | 35.8% | Election dayEarlyPostal | 18.8% | 57.1% | 41.2% | 45.0% | 66.7% | 22.6% |
Utahus-ut Paper + scan | 35.2% | Election dayEarlyPostal | 21.9% | 55.4% | 44.4% | 72.7% | 41.7% | 17.0% |
Oregonus-or Paper + scan | 35.2% | Postal | 28.1% | 42.9% | 53.1% | 60.0% | 60.0% | 20.8% |
Kansasus-ks Paper + scan | 35.0% | Election dayEarlyPostal | 23.5% | 44.6% | 61.1% | 36.4% | 50.0% | 22.6% |
Missourius-mo Paper + scan | 35.0% | Election dayEarlyPostal | 23.5% | 46.4% | 50.0% | 54.5% | 41.7% | 22.6% |
Turkeytr Paper only | 34.2% | Election day | 29.4% | 44.6% | 55.6% | 27.3% | 66.7% | 20.8% |
North Carolinaus-nc Paper + scan | 33.8% | — | 14.7% | 44.6% | 52.8% | 68.2% | 50.0% | 18.9% |
Massachusettsus-ma Paper + scan | 33.4% | Election dayEarlyPostal | 26.5% | 46.4% | 52.8% | 60.5% | 30.0% | 17.0% |
Maineus-me Paper + scan | 33.2% | — | 23.5% | 29.6% | 63.9% | 31.8% | 30.0% | 28.3% |
Idahous-id Paper + scan | 32.5% | Election dayEarlyPostal | 21.9% | 40.4% | 32.4% | 51.0% | 50.0% | 26.4% |
Moldovamd Paper only | 32.3% | Election day | 29.4% | 28.6% | 61.1% | 63.6% | 16.7% | 20.8% |
Russiaru MixedPaper onlyPaper + scanTouchscreen + paper | 32.3% | Election dayEarly | 35.3% | 37.5% | 25.0% | 27.3% | 33.3% | 32.1% |
Canadaca Paper only | 32.3% | Election dayEarlyPostal | 26.5% | 39.3% | 44.4% | 81.8% | 23.3% | 17.0% |
United Statesus Aggregate | 32.0% | Election dayPostal | 41.2% | 51.8% | 63.9% | 9.1% | 41.7% | 11.3% |
Oklahomaus-ok Paper + scan | 30.3% | Election dayEarlyPostal | 14.7% | 50.0% | 38.9% | 59.1% | 38.3% | 15.1% |
| 29.9% | Election dayPostal | 32.4% | 35.7% | 58.3% | 31.8% | 38.3% | 15.1% | |
Ukraineua Paper only | 29.7% | Election day | 38.2% | 39.3% | 19.4% | 31.8% | 66.7% | 20.8% |
Australiaau Paper only | 29.6% | Election dayEarlyPostal | 14.7% | 42.9% | 58.3% | 62.7% | 8.3% | 13.2% |
| 28.9% | — | 11.8% | 41.1% | 61.1% | 31.8% | 41.7% | 15.1% | |
Serbiasr Paper only | 28.9% | Election day | 35.3% | 42.9% | 47.2% | 27.3% | 16.7% | 15.1% |
Argentinaar Paper only | 28.9% | Election day | 17.6% | 35.7% | 58.3% | 40.0% | 25.0% | 17.0% |
| 28.6% | Election dayPostalProxy | 17.6% | 28.6% | 47.2% | 54.5% | 41.7% | 18.9% | |
| 28.2% | Election dayProxyInternet | 14.7% | 32.1% | 50.0% | 50.0% | 25.0% | 18.9% | |
Bulgariabg Touchscreen + paper | 27.8% | Election day | 23.5% | 44.6% | 25.0% | 27.3% | 33.3% | 20.8% |
| 27.6% | — | 23.5% | 38.0% | 27.8% | 50.0% | 31.7% | 18.9% | |
| 27.1% | — | 8.8% | 29.6% | 52.8% | 48.2% | 33.3% | 17.9% | |
Polandpl Paper only | 26.9% | Election dayPostalProxy | 23.5% | 42.9% | 41.7% | 36.4% | 40.0% | 11.3% |
Hawaiius-hi Paper + scan | 26.6% | — | 8.8% | 44.6% | 30.6% | 40.0% | 41.7% | 17.0% |
Greecegr Paper only | 26.3% | Election dayPostal | 14.7% | 46.4% | 55.6% | 27.3% | 33.3% | 8.5% |
Icelandis Paper only | 25.6% | Election dayEarlyPostal | 14.7% | 30.4% | 61.1% | 36.4% | 33.3% | 11.3% |
Wyomingus-wy Paper + scan | 25.4% | Election dayEarlyPostal | 8.8% | 42.9% | 25.0% | 57.3% | 41.7% | 13.2% |
Mississippius-ms Paper + scan | 25.2% | Election dayPostal | 11.8% | 39.3% | 27.8% | 36.4% | 25.0% | 18.9% |
United Kingdomgb Paper only | 25.0% | Election dayPostalProxy | 13.3% | 31.3% | 50.0% | 30.0% | 40.0% | 15.1% |
Romaniaro Paper only | 24.8% | Election dayPostal | 14.7% | 53.6% | 8.3% | 40.9% | 41.7% | 13.2% |
| 24.0% | — | 5.9% | 23.1% | 55.6% | 17.3% | 25.0% | 20.8% | |
Irelandie Paper only | 23.8% | Election dayPostal | 25.0% | 35.7% | 23.3% | 45.0% | 25.0% | 13.2% |
Armeniaam Paper only | 23.7% | Election day | 29.4% | 19.6% | 11.1% | 18.2% | 33.3% | 28.3% |
New Jerseyus-nj Paper + scan | 23.7% | — | 23.5% | 33.9% | 44.4% | 18.2% | 41.7% | 10.4% |
Brazilbr Touchscreen + paper | 23.5% | Election day | 11.8% | 21.4% | 47.2% | 40.9% | 20.0% | 17.0% |
| 23.3% | — | 26.5% | 22.2% | 58.3% | 31.8% | 21.7% | 9.4% | |
Belgiumbe Mixed | 22.6% | Election dayProxy | 8.8% | 37.5% | 11.1% | 31.8% | 58.3% | 17.0% |
Madagascarmg Paper only | 22.6% | Election day | 14.7% | 30.4% | 19.4% | 27.3% | 25.0% | 20.8% |
Georgiage Paper only | 21.1% | Election day | 14.7% | 23.2% | 16.7% | 18.2% | 66.7% | 18.9% |
| 20.8% | — | 5.9% | 37.0% | 11.1% | 36.4% | 41.7% | 15.1% | |
Greenlandgl Paper only | 20.7% | Election dayEarlyPostalInternet | 11.8% | 39.3% | 11.1% | 31.8% | 16.7% | 15.1% |
Kazakhstankz Paper only | 20.6% | Election dayEarly | 28.1% | 20.0% | 25.0% | 17.3% | 30.0% | 17.0% |
Belarusby Paper only | 18.8% | Election dayEarly | 14.7% | 30.4% | 11.1% | 4.5% | 25.0% | 18.9% |
Czechiacz Paper only | 16.5% | Election dayPostal | 5.9% | 17.9% | 47.2% | 45.5% | 25.0% | 1.9% |
South Africaza Paper only | 16.5% | Election dayEarly | 5.9% | 21.4% | 5.6% | 50.0% | 25.0% | 13.2% |
Chinacn Paper only | 13.0% | Election dayProxy | 8.8% | 28.0% | 6.7% | 10.0% | 16.7% | 9.4% |
North Koreakp Paper only | 4.3% | Election day | 18.2% | 4.0% | — | 0.0% | — | 1.9% |
Voting method legend
- Paper only
- Hand-marked paper ballots, hand-counted
- Paper + scan
- Hand-marked paper ballots tabulated by optical scanner
- BMD
- Ballot-marking device: a touchscreen marks the voter's choices on a paper ballot, which is then scanned
- Touchscreen + paper
- Touchscreen voting machine with a printed paper record the voter can verify
- Mixed
- Multiple methods used across subdivisions (counties/regions choose their own equipment)
- Aggregate
- No single voting method — this is a federal/aggregate layer; see state-level entries for actual methods
Paper only
Paper + scan
BMD
Touchscreen + paper
Mixed
Aggregate
Descriptive metadata only — the voting-method label is independent of the EII scores. US-state classifications cite verifiedvoting.org auditlaw entries; European jurisdictions cite the ingested primary statute.
Methodologies
- EIIElection Integrity IndexHow well does the legal framework defend against vote-altering attacks?
- EAIElectoral Access IndexHow accessible is the franchise under codified procedure?
- EAdIElection Administration IndexHow professionally and independently is election administration codified?
- ECIElection Campaign-Finance IndexHow well is money in politics regulated and disclosed?
- EDRIElection Dispute Resolution IndexHow robust are mechanisms to resolve election disputes?
- EVCIElection Voter-Confidence IndexHow well does the framework support voter confidence and audit?
Scores are aggregated as SUM(score) / SUM(max_score) across all current datapoints in each methodology. Click any methodology to see the full datapoint inventory and the per-jurisdiction matrix.