Countryca

CanadaPaper only

Federal layer. Canada Elections Act (S.C. 2000, c.9). Hand-counted paper ballots, Elections Canada.

Overall32.3%EAdI 26.5%EAI 39.3%ECI 44.4%EDRI 81.8%EVCI 23.3%EII 17.0%

Paper onlyVoting method

Voting Channels

How voters cast a ballot

The voting channels available under current law, each verified against the cited statute.

Election dayElection-day in personall
In-person voting on polling day at the assigned polling station; hand-marked paper ballot counted by hand. Hours of voting are staggered by time zone so results close near-simultaneously nationwide.
Canada Elections Act s. 128
EarlyEarly in personall-voters
Advance polls are open to any elector on the 10th, 9th, 8th and 7th days before polling day.
Canada Elections Act, Part 10 (Advance Polling)
PostalPostal / mailno-excuse
Any elector may vote by special (mail-in) ballot on application — no excuse required; also used by electors away from their district, in hospital, or abroad.
Canada Elections Act, Part 11 (Special Voting Rules)
ProxyProxynot available
No proxy voting in Canadian federal elections.
InternetInternetnot available
No internet voting; every federal vote is a hand-marked paper ballot.

Methodology Radar

Dimension Breakdown

EAdI26.5%

Election Administration Index

Electoral Access Index

Election Campaign-Finance Index

Election Dispute Resolution Index

Election Voter-Confidence Index

Election Integrity Index

Citizen Verifiability13%

Custody Hardware25%

Post Election Audit22%

Software Verifiability0%

Transparency Observation0%

Vendor Independence0%

Voter Access57%

Primary Instruments

Methodologies — Datapoint Drill-In

Each methodology card above takes you to Canada's scoring detail for that methodology — every datapoint, with rationale and the exact statute that justifies the score.

EAdI EAI ECI EDRI EVCI EII

For a single datapoint side-by-side across every jurisdiction, see e.g. /atlas/datapoint/1.1.

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Citation	Type	Title	Sections	Status
Canada Elections Act — Interpretation	Statute	Canada Elections Act — Interpretation	1	active
Canada Elections Act — PART 1 — Electoral Rights	Statute	Canada Elections Act — PART 1 — Electoral Rights	6	active
Canada Elections Act — PART 10 — Advance Polling	Statute	Canada Elections Act — PART 10 — Advance Polling	13	active
Canada Elections Act — PART 11 — Special Voting Rules	Statute	Canada Elections Act — PART 11 — Special Voting Rules	108	active
Canada Elections Act — PART 11.1 — Prohibitions in Relation to Voting	Statute	Canada Elections Act — PART 11.1 — Prohibitions in Relation to Voting	19	active
Canada Elections Act — PART 12 — Counting Votes	Statute	Canada Elections Act — PART 12 — Counting Votes	13	active
Canada Elections Act — PART 13 — Validation of Results by the Returning Officer	Statute	Canada Elections Act — PART 13 — Validation of Results by the Returning Officer	6	active
Canada Elections Act — PART 14 — Judicial Recount	Statute	Canada Elections Act — PART 14 — Judicial Recount	13	active
Canada Elections Act — PART 15 — Return of the Writ	Statute	Canada Elections Act — PART 15 — Return of the Writ	6	active
Canada Elections Act — PART 16 — Communications	Statute	Canada Elections Act — PART 16 — Communications	29	active
Canada Elections Act — PART 16.1 — Voter Contact Calling Services	Statute	Canada Elections Act — PART 16.1 — Voter Contact Calling Services	19	active
Canada Elections Act — PART 17 — Third Party Advertising, Partisan Activities and Election Surveys	Statute	Canada Elections Act — PART 17 — Third Party Advertising, Partisan Activities and Election Surveys	40	active
Canada Elections Act — PART 18 — Financial Administration	Statute	Canada Elections Act — PART 18 — Financial Administration	308	active
Canada Elections Act — PART 19 — Enforcement	Statute	Canada Elections Act — PART 19 — Enforcement	106	active
Canada Elections Act — PART 2 — Chief Electoral Officer and Staff	Statute	Canada Elections Act — PART 2 — Chief Electoral Officer and Staff	19	active
Canada Elections Act — PART 20 — Contested Elections	Statute	Canada Elections Act — PART 20 — Contested Elections	11	active
Canada Elections Act — PART 21 — General	Statute	Canada Elections Act — PART 21 — General	73	active
Canada Elections Act — PART 3 — Election Officers	Statute	Canada Elections Act — PART 3 — Election Officers	22	active
Canada Elections Act — PART 4 — Register of Electors and Register of Future Electors	Statute	Canada Elections Act — PART 4 — Register of Electors and Register of Future Electors	17	active
Canada Elections Act — PART 5 — Conduct of an Election	Statute	Canada Elections Act — PART 5 — Conduct of an Election	10	active
Canada Elections Act — PART 6 — Candidates	Statute	Canada Elections Act — PART 6 — Candidates	21	active
Canada Elections Act — PART 7 — Revision of Lists of Electors	Statute	Canada Elections Act — PART 7 — Revision of Lists of Electors	20	active
Canada Elections Act — PART 8 — Preparation for the Vote	Statute	Canada Elections Act — PART 8 — Preparation for the Vote	14	active
Canada Elections Act — PART 9 — Voting	Statute	Canada Elections Act — PART 9 — Voting	43	active
Canada Elections Act — Short Title	Statute	Canada Elections Act — Short Title	1	active