Candidate disqualification publication

A.R.S. § 16-343(G) codifies a specific public-notice procedure for candidate withdrawal after ballot printing. The statute mandates: (1) posting notice of withdrawal in a conspicuous location in each polling place, (2) posting at all early voting locations, and (3) providing early voters with website information for updates on withdrawn candidates. Additionally, § 16-343(F) establishes that for death or incapacity, the secretary of state shall notify boards of supervisors, who notify precinct inspectors to post notice of the candidate's death or incapacity along with notice that votes for that candidate will be tabulated. These are enumerated procedural requirements with specified timing and methods of public communication, satisfying the criterion for codified public-notice procedures.

“In the case of a withdrawal of a candidate that occurs after the printing of official ballots, the inspectors shall post the notice of withdrawal in a conspicuous location in each polling place. Notice of withdrawal shall also be posted at all early voting locations and shall be made available to early voters by providing with the early ballot instructions a website address at which prompt updates to information regarding write-in and withdrawn candidates are available.”

C.R.S. § 1-4-1004(4) explicitly codifies a public-notice procedure for candidate vacancies (which include disqualification and withdrawal per subsection (1)). The statute mandates that when a vacancy occurs, the designated election official must: (1) prominently post notice on the official website and at voter service/polling centers, and (2) update sample ballots with the replacement candidate's name using a different color or reprint. This satisfies the criterion because the procedure is clearly codified in statute with specific requirements for notification timing and method. The section applies to vacancies occurring after ballots begin being mailed (1-7.5-107), which includes post-printing scenarios.

§ 34 codifies that 'a candidate can withdraw their candidate registration to Ankestyrelsen no later than 12:00 eleven days before election day.' § 12a codifies Valgnævnet authority over party-name violations. § 17 codifies Valgnævnet authority. § 32a codifies bribery-prohibition. § 13 codifies party-name de-registration. Candidate-disqualification/withdrawal framework codified.

Election Code Article 105 codifies second-round-election public-notice procedure when candidates fail to meet thresholds. Article 142 codifies party/bloc registration cancellation. Article 145 codifies disqualification of candidates from Sakrebulo elections. Public-notice procedures for withdrawn/disqualified candidates are statutorily codified.

§ 21-2-134 codifies procedure when a candidate withdraws, dies, or is disqualified — including notice/replacement procedure. § 21-2-153 codifies posting of party-nomination qualifying-fee schedule. § 21-2-486 codifies write-in handling. § 21-2-437 codifies count procedure for void/disqualified ballots.

Hawaii Revised Statutes § 11-117(b) explicitly codifies the public-notice procedure for candidate disqualification or withdrawal after ballots are printed. The statute specifies: (1) the trigger event (death, withdrawal, or disqualification after close of filing and after ballots have been printed), (2) the responsible officials (chief election officer or clerk), (3) the notice methods (striking name from ballot or posting notice), (4) the notice timing (on election day), and (5) the notice location (appropriate voter service centers). This satisfies the criterion by establishing a clear, statutorily-codified procedure for public notification.

“When a candidate dies, withdraws, or is disqualified after the close of filing and the ballots have been printed, the chief election officer or the clerk may order the candidate's name stricken from the ballot or order that a notice of the death, withdrawal, or disqualification be prominently posted at the appropriate voter service centers on election day.”

Section 55 of the Electoral Act 1992 explicitly codifies the public-notice procedure for candidate withdrawal. It specifies: (1) the responsible actor (returning officer), (2) the timing requirement (immediately upon delivery of withdrawal notice), and (3) the action required (give public notice of the withdrawal). While this addresses withdrawal specifically rather than disqualification, the statutory framework clearly establishes a procedural rule for notifying the public of candidate status changes. The provision directly satisfies the codification requirement for public-notice procedures.

KRS 118.212 ('When candidate's name not to be certified or printed on ballot -- Effect of death or withdrawal of candidate -- Notice required at polls -- Penalty') codifies the public-notice procedure where a candidate dies or withdraws: it governs whether the name is certified or printed and requires notice to be posted at the polls. KRS 118A.150 codifies the parallel procedure and penalty for judicial candidates. Candidate-disqualification/withdrawal publication is codified.

La. R.S. 18:503 codifies a specific public-notice procedure for candidate disqualification and withdrawal after ballots are printed. The statute establishes: (1) the responsible parties (clerk of court for general elections, registrar of voters for early voting); (2) the trigger event (candidate withdrawal or disqualification by final court judgment); (3) the required action (posting notice); (4) the location requirement (polling places adjacent to precinct register); and (5) formatting specifications (capitalized, bold, minimum 14-point font). The procedure is clearly enumerated in statute for both early voting ballots (Section A) and general election ballots (Section B), satisfying the criterion's requirement that the public-notice procedure be codified.

The statute codifies a clear public-notice procedure for candidate disqualification and withdrawal after ballot printing. Subsection 5 specifies that the Secretary of State must immediately prepare and distribute notice to local election officials, distribute notices with absentee ballots, post notices in voting booths on election day, and post notices on the Secretary of State's publicly accessible website. Subsection 6 contains parallel requirements for candidate withdrawals less than 70 days before the primary election. These requirements are mandatory (using "shall") and detailed regarding timing ("immediately"), method (distribution to local officials, absentee ballot inclusion, polling place posting, website posting), and content (identification of the disqualified/withdrawn candidate and statement that votes will not be counted). This satisfies the criterion's requirement that the public-notice procedure be codified in statute.

“Upon receipt of information that the candidate has died or become disqualified, the Secretary of State shall immediately prepare and distribute to the local election officials in the candidate's electoral district a notice informing voters that the candidate has died or become disqualified and that a vote for that candidate will not be counted. The notice must be distributed with all absentee ballots requested after the notice is received by the local election officials and, on election day, must be posted outside the guardrail enclosure in accordance with section 651, subsection 2 and in each voting booth. Notice that the candidate has died or become disqualified must also be posted on the Secretary of State's publicly accessible website.”

LGIPE art. 240(2) explicitly codifies a statutory procedure requiring publication and dissemination of candidate registration cancellations and substitutions in the same manner as the original candidate list publication (in the Diario Oficial de la Federación). This directly satisfies the criterion by establishing a codified public-notice procedure for candidate disqualifications/withdrawals. The statute specifies both the mechanism (publication and dissemination) and the forum (same as candidate registration publication). The dual-scholar test is satisfied: two independent statutory scholars would confirm that the statute establishes a mandatory, enumerated procedure for public notice of candidate cancellations.

NRS § 293.184(2) directly codifies a public-notice procedure for when a disqualified candidate's name appears on the ballot after the deadline for changes has passed. The statute specifies: (1) the trigger condition (disqualification under subsection 1 with name already on ballot due to missed deadline), (2) the responsible parties (appropriate election officers), (3) the notification method (posting a sign at each polling place), and (4) the content requirement (informing voters of the disqualification and that the person is disqualified from entering office). This satisfies the criterion's requirement that the public-notice procedure be codified in statute.

§ 6-148 codifies the procedure for filling vacancies in nomination/designation with statutory public-notice via the board of elections. § 1-106 codifies receipt-of-papers timing. § 9-209 codifies post-printing ballot procedures including disqualification handling at the canvass.

Article 309 of the Polish Electoral Code explicitly codifies a public-notice procedure for candidate disqualification after ballot printing. The statute specifies: (1) the triggering event (candidate name struck from list under Article 306 after ballots are printed), (2) the notice mechanism (public announcement in the form of an official notice/obwieszczenia), (3) the distribution method (posting in polling stations on election day), and (4) the content requirement (information about disqualification and conditions for vote validity). This satisfies the criterion's requirement that the public-notice procedure be codified in statute.

Article 71 codifies repeat-voting, repeat-elections, by-elections, and removal of registered candidates from party lists — procedures triggered after candidate withdrawal/disqualification with statutory publication via commission decision. Article 38 covers registration. Article 33 candidate nomination. Public-notice procedure for withdrawn/disqualified candidates statutorily codified.

Law 6271 Article 8 codifies presidential candidate disqualification publication: YSK announces accepted candidates after review; Article 10 publishes final candidate lists in the Resmî Gazete after appeal-period closes. Reinforced by Law 2839 Article 17 (YSK announces candidacy-driven board-member departures).

Art. II-105 codifies cancellation of presidential-candidate registration decisions with statutory public-notice via CEC publication. Art. III-158 codifies MP cancellation. Art. IV-228 codifies local cancellation. Art. II-128 codifies repeat-voting procedure when candidates withdraw. Disqualification publication procedure codified.

Section 20A-11-206(4) explicitly codifies the public-notice procedure for candidate disqualification. It specifies multiple notification mechanisms: notification to opposing candidates, email notification to eligible voters, posting on the lieutenant governor's website, and ballot removal if practicable. The section also addresses mailed ballots in subsection (5) by requiring written notice directing voters to the website for disqualification information. The statute clearly establishes when disqualification occurs (subsection 3(a)), what triggers the notice requirement, and the specific methods of notification, satisfying the criterion's requirement that the public-notice procedure be codified in statute.

Section 24.2-541 codifies a clear statutory procedure for handling candidate disqualification and withdrawal after ballot printing. The statute establishes specific timing requirements (25 days for death, 60 days for withdrawal/setting aside nomination), specifies the responsible officials (electoral board), and enumerates concrete actions (either reprint ballots with qualifying candidates or print separate ballots). The provision explicitly addresses the post-printing scenario ('If ballots for the election have already been printed') and prescribes mandatory procedures ('shall either'). The dual-scholar test is satisfied: two independent readers would identify this as establishing a codified public-notice and ballot-management procedure for candidate disqualification/withdrawal scenarios.

“In the case (i) of a candidate who has died if the notice is filed with the proper official at least 25 days before the day on which the election is to be held or (ii) of a candidate who has withdrawn or had his nomination set aside if the notice is filed with the proper official at least 60 days before the day on which the election is to be held, the electoral board or boards having charge of the printing of the ballots for such election shall either: Cause to be printed thereon the name of every person qualifying as provided in this article; or If ballots for the election have already been printed, cause separate ballots to be printed for the office on which shall be printed the name of every person qualifying as provided in this article”

Section (c) of W. Va. Code § 3-5-11 codifies a specific public-notice procedure for candidate disqualification (death) after ballots are printed. The statute mandates that the county clerk provide written notice posted with sample ballots at each precinct, with the exact notice content specified. This satisfies the criterion because it establishes: (1) a triggering condition (candidate dies after ballots printed but before election), (2) the responsible party (clerk of county commission), (3) the notice method (written notice posted with sample ballots), (4) the location (each precinct), and (5) the prescribed notice language. While the provision addresses death specifically rather than all forms of disqualification or withdrawal, it still demonstrates statutory codification of public-notice procedure for post-ballot-printing candidate disqualifications.

“If a candidate dies after the ballots are printed but before the election, the clerk of the county commission shall give a written notice which shall be posted with the sample ballot at each precinct with the county to the following effect: "To the voter: (name) of (residence), a candidate for (office) is deceased."”

§ 22-5-220 directly codifies the public-notice procedure when a candidate withdraws after ballots are printed. The statute explicitly requires county clerks to 'post a notice at each polling place announcing that the named candidate has withdrawn from nomination for the office designated.' This establishes both the trigger (withdrawal after ballot finalization and printing) and the specific notification mechanism (posting notices at each polling place). The procedure is enumerated in statute with sufficient particularity to satisfy the criterion.

This section codifies a procedure for candidate withdrawal BEFORE ballot printing (76 days before primary), establishing a notification requirement ('forthwith notify') and a withdrawal deadline that prevents printing. However, the criterion specifically asks about disqualification or withdrawal AFTER the ballot is printed. This statute addresses the pre-printing scenario but does not codify any public-notice procedure for post-printing disqualifications or withdrawals. The section satisfies part of the criterion's scope (withdrawal procedures with timing) but fails to address the critical post-printing scenario that the criterion targets. A dual-scholar approach would recognize the statutory codification of withdrawal timing as satisfying a narrower interpretation of candidate withdrawal procedures, but the absence of post-printing public-notice mechanisms leaves the criterion only partially satisfied.

“If a candidate signifies the desire to withdraw his or her name within the above time limit, it shall not be printed on the ballot.”

This statute codifies a procedural requirement for candidate withdrawal (written notice to the director) and establishes a timing threshold (64 days before general election). However, the section addresses withdrawal notification timing and ballot-name-removal procedures, but does not explicitly codify a public-notice procedure for informing voters after ballot printing that a candidate has withdrawn or been disqualified. The statute specifies internal filing requirements (notice to director) and ballot-inclusion rules, but is silent on whether or how the jurisdiction must notify the public of post-printing disqualifications or withdrawals. The criterion specifically asks whether public-notice procedure is codified when disqualification/withdrawal occurs after ballot printing—this section does not address public communication of such events to voters.

“Notice of withdrawal of candidacy for retention for a supreme court justice, judge of the court of appeals, superior court judge, or district court judge must be in writing over the signature of the candidate. The name of a candidate for retention for supreme court justice, judge of the court of appeals, superior court judge, or district court judge must appear on the general election ballot unless notice under (a) of this section of withdrawal of candidacy is received by the director at least 64 days before the date of the general election.”

Article 61 of the Argentine Electoral Code establishes procedural timelines and mechanisms for candidate disqualification (including procedures for substitution and notification via certified telegram). However, the criterion asks specifically about PUBLIC NOTICE PROCEDURE when a candidate is disqualified or withdraws AFTER the ballot is printed. The statute addresses notification to the Electoral Board (Junta Electoral) and inter-agency communication, but does not explicitly codify how the public (voters) must be notified of such disqualifications or how such information must be communicated to the general electorate once ballots are already printed. The section details internal judicial and electoral administrative procedures but lacks explicit statutory codification of a public-notice framework for post-ballot-printing candidate changes. This represents a gap between internal administrative notification and public voter communication requirements.

§ 111 NRWO establishes statutory procedures for candidate withdrawals and removal from party lists (Streichung), and mandates public notice ('ortsüblich zu verlautbaren'—customary public announcement). However, the criterion specifically asks about disqualification or withdrawal AFTER the ballot is printed. This section addresses primarily pre-election procedures for filling vacancies and managing party list changes. While it codifies that streichung (removal) must be publicly announced and that appointed candidates' names must be announced, it does not explicitly address the narrow scenario of post-ballot-printing disqualifications and their public-notice procedures. The statutory framework exists for candidate changes generally, but the specific timing trigger (post-ballot) is not clearly articulated in this excerpt. The provision partially satisfies the criterion by establishing notice codification for candidate status changes, but incompletely addresses the post-ballot-printing scenario.

Article 72 codifies the ballot text for presidential / deputy elections, including treatment when a candidate withdraws (handled at commission level). Article 80 codifies second-round voting if no candidate receives the required number of votes. Article 81 codifies repeat elections when candidates withdraw. Public-notice mechanic operates through commission-decision publication channels.

The section establishes statutory procedures for candidate disqualification (Article 118), including: (1) specific grounds for disqualification, (2) a codified timeline for the Minister of Interior to notify the chief electoral officer (52 days or 24 days before election depending on circumstance), and (3) a mandate to strike disqualified candidates' names from all lists. However, the provision lacks explicit codification of PUBLIC-NOTICE procedures to inform voters after ballot printing. The statute specifies internal administrative notification (minister to electoral bureau president) and candidate name removal from lists, but does not explicitly detail HOW the public will be notified of such disqualifications or what notice mechanisms apply post-ballot printing. The temporal markers suggest notification occurs well before elections, which may limit post-ballot-printing scenarios. The criterion asks specifically about public-notice procedure codification when disqualification occurs after ballots are printed—this section does not explicitly address voter notification mechanisms or public disclosure requirements in that scenario.

The statute codifies a procedure for candidate withdrawal and disqualification: candidates must file a signed letter with the Secretary of State or municipal clerk (for municipal offices), and the Secretary of State must notify municipal clerks when disqualification occurs. However, the statute does NOT codify a public-notice procedure to inform voters of the disqualification or withdrawal. The notification requirement is limited to notification between election officials (Secretary of State to municipal clerks), not to the general public. The statute specifies that elections may be canceled in such circumstances but does not establish a statutory requirement for how or when the public must be notified of candidate disqualifications or withdrawals after ballots are printed.

“No withdrawal shall be valid until the candidate who has withdrawn has filed a letter of withdrawal signed by such candidate with the Secretary of the State or, in the case of a municipal office, until the candidate who has withdrawn has filed a letter of withdrawal signed by such candidate with the municipal clerk. When such an election is required to be held under the provisions of this section for any office other than a municipal office, and prior to such election all but one of the candidates for such office die, withdraw their names or for any reason become disqualified to hold such office, the Secretary of the State shall forthwith notify the clerk of each municipality wherein such election was to have been held of such fact”

The statute codifies the procedural deadline and mechanism for candidate withdrawal (within 48 hours after list acceptance and publication) and specifies who may withdraw and how (written notice, notarized or with party consent). However, the section does not explicitly codify a public-notice procedure for communicating the withdrawal to voters or the general public. It addresses internal procedures for accepting withdrawals but does not mandate how the jurisdiction must notify voters about disqualifications or withdrawals after ballot printing. The criterion requires codification of the public-notice procedure itself, not merely the withdrawal mechanism.

“Najkasnije 48 sati nakon što je prihvaćena i objavljena lista, od kandidature za zastupnika u Sabor u izbornim jedinicama gdje se biraju zastupnici nacionalnih manjina može odustati”

The statute codifies procedures for candidate withdrawal before the deadline (§3106(c)) and notifications to party chairs and the State Election Commissioner regarding qualified candidates (§3106(d)). However, the statute does not explicitly address the specific scenario of disqualification or withdrawal AFTER the ballot is printed, nor does it codify a public-notice procedure for voters in that post-printing scenario. The statute requires notification to party chairs and internal Department communications, but does not mandate public notice to voters regarding post-ballot-printing disqualifications or late withdrawals. This partial satisfaction indicates the framework addresses pre-ballot procedures and some notifications, but lacks explicit codification for public communication when candidates are disqualified after ballots are printed.

§ 40 codifies decisions made after candidate applications are resolved: if an objection has been upheld and no acceptable correction or removal has been filed in time, or if the candidate has died, 'the candidate is not entered in the candidate-list combination or the presidential-election candidate list' — the statutory disqualification mechanism. § 164 codifies eligibility and the offices that bar membership. § 41 codifies the candidate-list combination. Disqualification is codified, with publication flowing through the § 43 register and § 44 distribution; a dedicated disqualification-publication provision is not separately surfaced.

§ 106.1435 governs campaign advertisement removal upon withdrawal (treating withdrawal as a triggering event). § 102.141 (4976) addresses canvassing-board roles in certifying outcomes after disqualification. Partial — addresses withdrawal communication but not formal disqualification publication.

The statute codifies timing rules for candidate withdrawal (no withdrawals accepted after list filing; lists can be withdrawn by the fourth Saturday before election at noon) and addresses candidate replacement in case of death. However, the section does not explicitly codify a public-notice procedure for informing voters about disqualifications or withdrawals after ballot printing. It addresses the mechanism for handling these situations (replacement requirement, withdrawal timing) but does not specify how the public must be notified of these changes, which is the core requirement of CAND.2. The criterion specifically asks whether a public-notice procedure is codified, not merely whether withdrawal/disqualification procedures exist.

The statute addresses candidate disqualification/withdrawal by requiring that amended candidate lists 'shall be publicised in accordance with Article 47.' This demonstrates that a publication requirement exists and is codified. However, the criterion asks whether the public-notice PROCEDURE is codified in statute. This section only references Article 47 for the procedure itself—the actual procedural details (timing, method, format, scope of notice) are not enumerated in Article 43. The phrase 'If possible' also introduces discretionary language that softens the mandatory nature of publication. To fully satisfy CAND.2, the statute would need to codify the specific procedural steps for public notice, not merely reference another article. The section partially satisfies the criterion by establishing that publication must occur, but does not fully codify the procedure.

“If possible, the list thus amended shall be publicised in accordance with Article 47.”

This section addresses candidate vacancies/disqualifications for judicial offices occurring after the primary but before the general election, and specifies the Secretary of State's role in declaring vacancies and certifying replacement nominees. However, it does not codify a PUBLIC NOTICE PROCEDURE for informing voters about the disqualification or withdrawal. The statute describes the administrative action (declaring vacancy, certifying replacements) but does not specify how or when the public must be notified of these changes. The criterion requires codification of the 'public-notice procedure,' which would include timing, method, and content of voter notification. The statute is silent on these procedural notice requirements to voters.

“the secretary of state shall declare that a vacancy exists in the judicial office, but that no other candidate for the office will be offered at the general election”

The statute codifies a requirement that disqualified candidates must file a notice of withdrawal immediately (subsection b). However, the section does not codify any PUBLIC-NOTICE procedure—it establishes only the candidate's filing obligation. The criterion asks whether 'the public-notice procedure' is codified, meaning whether the statute specifies how the jurisdiction must notify voters or the public when a disqualification or post-ballot-printing withdrawal occurs. This section addresses the candidate's duty to file notice with the election office, not the election office's duty to communicate that disqualification to the public. The statute is silent on whether notices must be posted, how they must be disseminated, timing of public notification, or format of public disclosure.

This section codifies procedures for candidate withdrawal and ballot vacancy filling, including specific timing requirements (5:00 p.m. on canvass day for withdrawal notice, seventh day following primary for vacancy filling submission). However, it does not explicitly codify a public-notice procedure to inform voters about the disqualification or withdrawal. The statute requires written notice to the city clerk but does not mandate that such information be communicated to the public or specify how voters are to be notified of these changes. The section addresses the administrative process internal to the party and clerk's office but lacks codification of voter notification requirements, which is central to the criterion of public-notice procedure.

§ 13 of the Saeima Election Law codifies post-registration candidate deletion (ineligibility, death) and how a late-discovered ineligibility is handled — the name stays on the printed ballot and votes for that candidate are disregarded — but it does not codify a discrete public-notice-to-voters procedure.

“voters shall be issued with ballot papers of the relevant list of candidates with the given name and surname of this candidate”

Article 203 addresses the specific scenario of candidate death occurring after the candidacy declaration deadline and at least 5 days before the election, requiring postponement of the election. It codifies a procedural notification requirement: voters must be convoked at least 8 days before the new election date through posted notices in all voting locations and via written press. However, the criterion asks about disqualification or withdrawal after the ballot is printed more broadly. This statute addresses only the narrow circumstance of death (and its specific trigger conditions), not the general framework for candidate disqualification or voluntary withdrawal. The notification procedure itself is codified (timing: 8 days minimum; method: notices and press), but the scope is limited to one specific triggering event rather than comprehensive coverage of post-ballot-printing candidate status changes. A scholar examining PROCEDURAL CLARITY would find the notification rules clearly stated for this scenario, but might question whether the criterion requires coverage of broader disqualification circumstances.

“Les électeurs sont convoqués, huit jours au moins avant le jour fixé pour le scrutin, par le président du bureau principal, moyennant affiches à apposer dans toutes les localités de vote de la commune et par la voie de la presse écrite.”

Article 55A(2) addresses the specific scenario of a candidate's death after ballot printing and requires the Commission to give notice of an election to fill the vacancy 'as soon as possible.' However, the provision addresses only death, not disqualification or withdrawal more broadly. The statute codifies a notice requirement for the vacancy-filling process but does not establish a comprehensive public-notice procedure covering all candidate disqualification or withdrawal scenarios. The phrase 'as soon as possible' provides timing guidance but lacks the specificity and enumeration expected for full procedural clarity under the EVCI framework. The section partially satisfies the criterion by establishing notice procedures for one discrete scenario, but fails to comprehensively address the broader range of post-ballot-printing candidate status changes.

“In the case when a candidate dies after the ballot papers have been printed, the candidacy shall be deemed to remain valid for all intents and purposes of the law. Provided that a candidate as referred to in this sub-article may still be declared to be elected but in such case the Commission shall, as soon as possible, give notice of an election to fill the said vacancy.”

The statute codifies a notification procedure for candidate withdrawal after ballot approval (§ 23-15-295), specifying that executive committee officials must promptly notify affected county committees. However, the criterion asks about 'public-notice procedure,' and this statute only mandates internal notification to county executive committees, not a procedure for notifying the general public. The statute addresses withdrawal before printing and internal coordination after printing, but does not explicitly codify a public-notice mechanism for informing voters about disqualifications or withdrawals after ballots are printed. The phrase 'forthwith notify' provides timing language but targets institutional actors, not voters.

Article 72(4) codifies a procedural mechanism for notifying voters of candidate withdrawal or disqualification after ballot printing—specifically requiring a 'Withdrawn' stamp to be affixed at polling stations. This addresses the public-notice requirement at the point of voting. However, the statute does not codify a broader public-notice procedure beyond the polling-station stamp mechanism. It does not specify pre-election day notice to voters, media notification requirements, or other communication channels to inform the general public before voting occurs. The criterion asks whether the 'public-notice procedure' is codified; the section provides only a narrow procedural mechanism (polling-station notification) rather than a comprehensive public-notice framework. A scholar might argue this satisfies the literal requirement (notice is codified), while another might contend that notice only at the polling station, without advance public communication, does not constitute a full 'public-notice procedure.'

The statute codifies candidate withdrawal procedures with specific deadlines (March 1 for primary, August 1 for general) and establishes that withdrawn candidates' names shall not appear on ballots. It also requires internal notification to the Secretary of State. However, the criterion specifically asks about public-notice procedures when a candidate is disqualified or withdraws AFTER the ballot is printed. This statute focuses on pre-ballot-printing withdrawals and does not explicitly address the public notification mechanism if withdrawal occurs post-printing. The statute codifies the withdrawal mechanism and internal notification requirements but does not specify how the public is notified of candidate disqualifications or post-printing withdrawals, which is the core focus of the criterion.

Article S4 codifies the substantive grounds for candidate disqualification (removal from provincial lists) and the process by which the central electoral board (centraal stembureau) removes candidates in specified order. This satisfies the procedural clarity requirement regarding disqualification authority and timing. However, the statute does not codify specific procedures for PUBLIC NOTICE or notification of disqualified candidates to voters. The text addresses administrative removal procedures but lacks enumeration of voter-notification requirements, timing for public disclosure, or ballot-related communication mandates when candidates are removed after ballot printing. The criterion requires codification of 'public-notice procedure,' which encompasses voter-facing communication requirements—not merely administrative disqualification authority. The section partially addresses procedural clarity for candidate disqualification decisions but does not address the communication framework to notify the public.

The statute codifies a procedure for handling candidate withdrawal (paragraph VI), specifying that pledged delegates are released and become free to support other candidates. However, the section does not establish a public-notice procedure for informing voters about the withdrawal or disqualification. The statute addresses internal delegate management following withdrawal but does not require notification to the public, ballot correction procedures, or voter communication mechanisms. The criterion asks whether public-notice procedures are codified; this section addresses delegate release procedures only. Under the dual-scholar test, one scholar would note the codification of withdrawal consequences for delegates (partial satisfaction), while another would emphasize the complete absence of public-notice or voter-communication requirements (non-satisfaction).

“If a presidential candidate has received a share of the delegates as a result of the presidential primary but withdraws as a presidential candidate at any time prior to the convention, his pledged delegates shall be released by the candidate and each delegate is free to support any candidate of his political party who may be his choice as a candidate for president.”

The statute codifies procedural rules for candidate death occurring after ballot printing (notification to board of elections triggers specific ballot-handling procedures). However, the section is limited to death of candidates only and does not address disqualification or withdrawal. The statute specifies that votes for deceased candidates shall not be counted and describes ballot handling, but does not explicitly codify a public-notice procedure informing voters of the disqualification/death after ballots are printed. The statute mandates board actions upon notice of death but does not mandate affirmative public notification to voters about the post-printing candidate removal.

“If the ballots have been printed at the time the board of elections receives notice of the death, the ballots shall not be reprinted but votes cast for the deceased candidate shall not be counted for any purpose.”

ORC 3513.31 codifies the procedure for state-central-committee certification of a replacement candidate after withdrawal/disqualification, with a statutory deadline (86th day before general). Procedure for substitution is publicly traceable through the certified filing but the section does not impose a voter-facing disqualification-notice requirement.

“certify in writing and under oath to the secretary of state, not later than the eighty-sixth day before the day of the general election”

ORS 254.165 establishes a codified procedure for handling candidate disqualifications or withdrawals, including ballot adjustment requirements and a notification requirement to the Secretary of State. However, the statute does NOT codify a public-notice procedure. The law requires internal notification to the Secretary of State but does not enumerate specific requirements for notifying the general public or voters about the ballot change. The statute addresses ballot printing mechanics and government-to-government notification, but not the public-notice component that would fully satisfy CAND.2, which asks whether 'public-notice procedure' is codified. A complete answer would require statutory language specifying voter notification methods, timing, and content regarding the disqualification or withdrawal.

§ 914 codifies the withdrawal procedure for primary candidates: written request, acknowledged before oath official, filed by 5 p.m. on the 15th day after last filing day. Withdrawal procedure codified with deadline, but the criterion asks for voter-facing public-notice procedure when disqualification/withdrawal occurs after ballot printing.

“may withdraw his name as a candidate by a request in writing”

Article 38.º establishes that candidate substitutions and certain list decisions trigger republication (nova publicação) of candidate lists. This partially addresses the criterion by codifying a publication procedure when candidate changes occur. However, the statute does not explicitly specify the timing of this republication, the scope of notice distribution, accessibility requirements, or how 'nova publicação' is implemented procedurally (format, venue, audience reach). The provision addresses that publication must occur but lacks the procedural detail (timing, medium, audience) that would constitute full statutory codification of a public-notice procedure. The criterion asks whether the public-notice PROCEDURE is codified; this statute only mandates that notice occur without detailing the procedure itself.

“Em caso de substituição de candidatos ou de anulação de decisão de rejeição de qualquer lista, procede-se a nova publicação das respectivas listas.”

Article 48 of LOREG addresses the procedural handling of candidate withdrawals (bajas) after proclamation, establishing that vacancies are filled by successive candidates and alternates. However, the statute does NOT codify a specific public-notice procedure for communicating candidate disqualification or withdrawal to voters after ballot printing. The article addresses internal candidate-list mechanics (succession rules) rather than the procedural requirement for notifying the electorate about changes. While the regulation handles the consequence (succession), it lacks explicit codification of HOW and WHEN public notice of disqualification/withdrawal must be given to voters. The reference to Instrucción 8/2007 suggests implementing guidance exists, but this supplementary instruction is not part of the statute itself. A complete satisfaction would require statutory language explicitly prescribing notification timing, format, and distribution mechanisms to voters.

“Cuando se trate de listas de candidatos, las bajas que se produzcan después de la proclamación se entenderán cubiertas por los candidatos sucesivos y, en su caso, por los suplentes.”

This section addresses withdrawal procedures for write-in candidates specifically, codifying that they may withdraw notice by filing a letter of withdrawal no later than five days before the election. However, the statute does not comprehensively address the broader criterion of public-notice procedures when candidates are disqualified or withdraw after ballots are printed. The section focuses narrowly on write-in ballot notice withdrawal mechanics rather than establishing a statutory framework for notifying the public of candidate disqualification or withdrawal post-printing. It mentions informing 'the state coordinator of elections, the registry of election finance, as well as all other candidates' but does not codify procedures for notifying voters themselves. The criterion requires codification of public-notice procedures, which this section only partially satisfies through its write-in withdrawal provisions.

“A write-in candidate may withdraw the notice by filing a letter of withdrawal in the same manner as the original notice was filed no later than the fifth day before the election.”

§ 146.0301 codifies the public-notice procedure for a write-in candidate's withdrawal: 'not later than the day after the date the withdrawal request is received, the appropriate authority shall deliver a written notice of the withdrawal of any candidate previously certified ... to the same authority to whom the certification was delivered.' § 145.098 codifies omitting a withdrawn or deceased candidate before the ballot is prepared, and § 2.055(c) requires posting a declaration at each polling place. A general public-notice procedure for a post-printing disqualification is only partially codified.

Section 24 of the Electoral Administration Act 2006 codifies procedures for candidate death (covering independent candidates, party candidates, and the Speaker) and specifies that the returning officer must 'give public notice' in certain circumstances (rule 61(2)(c)). However, the statute does not comprehensively codify the public-notice procedure for all scenarios of candidate disqualification or withdrawal after ballots are printed. The rules address death-related withdrawals with specific timing and procedural requirements, but do not establish a general statutory framework for public notice when candidates are disqualified for other reasons or withdraw voluntarily after printing. The requirement to 'give public notice' is mentioned but lacks detail on form, timing, content, or distribution method. This partially satisfies CAND.2 because statutory procedures exist for one category (death) with public notice mandated, but the scope is limited and procedural details are sparse.

§ 2412 codifies the candidate-withdrawal procedure: a validly nominated candidate may withdraw by filing written notice of withdrawal with the Secretary of State (or, for a justice of the peace, the town clerk) by 5:00 p.m. on the tenth day after the primary, and the withdrawn candidate's name is handled accordingly on the ballot. § 2371 codifies notice to nominees. A withdrawal/disqualification procedure is codified, though not a dedicated post-printing public-notice rule.

RCW 29A.24.131 codifies the procedural rules for candidate withdrawal, including timing (before 5:00 p.m. Monday following filing deadline) and the filing mechanism (signed request to election officer). It also mandates that notice of the withdrawal deadline and non-refundability be given to candidates at filing. However, the criterion specifically asks about public-notice procedures when a candidate withdraws AFTER the ballot is printed. This section addresses withdrawal before the ballot is printed but does not explicitly codify procedures for notifying the public if withdrawal occurs after ballot printing, nor does it address disqualification procedures. The section provides partial satisfaction by establishing withdrawal notification requirements to candidates, but lacks explicit statutory codification of public notice procedures for post-ballot-printing withdrawals or disqualifications.

“A candidate may withdraw the candidate's declaration of candidacy at any time before 5:00 p.m. on the Monday following the last day for candidates to file under RCW 29A.24.050 by filing, with the officer with whom the declaration of candidacy was filed, a signed request that the candidate's name not be printed on the ballot.”

No section in the FTS-surfaced candidates satisfies this criterion. Best signal: This section (Ark. Code § 7-4-109) addresses qualifications and disqualifications for election officials, poll workers, and election commissioners—not for candidates themselves. It establishes eligibility requirements for people administering elections (e.g., residency, English language ability, absence of election law violations), but contains no provisions regarding candidate disqualification, candidate withdrawal, ballot printing procedures, or public notice of candidate status changes. The criterion CAND.2 asks whether procedures for notifying the public when a candidate is disqualified or withdraws after ballots are printed are codified. This section does not address that topic at all.

No candidate sections returned by FTS.

No section in the FTS-surfaced candidates satisfies this criterion. Best signal: Section 300 of the Commonwealth Electoral Act 1918 addresses payment procedures for candidates who die before or during an election. It does not codify any public-notice procedure for candidate disqualification or withdrawal after ballot printing. The section deals exclusively with financial entitlements and legal representation in the event of candidate death, not with notification requirements or procedural rules governing public disclosure of disqualifications or withdrawals. The criterion requires statutory codification of public-notice procedures for post-printing ballot disqualifications or withdrawals, which is entirely absent from this section.

No section in the FTS-surfaced candidates satisfies this criterion. Best signal: Article 213 of the Brazilian Electoral Code addresses congressional procedures for resolving disputed presidential elections when no absolute majority is achieved—specifically the mechanics of runoff elections and succession procedures. The section contains no provisions regarding candidate disqualification, candidate withdrawal procedures, or public-notice requirements for communicating such events to voters. The criterion CAND.2 requires statutory codification of public-notice procedures when candidates are disqualified or withdraw after ballots are printed. This article does not address those procedural requirements. While the Electoral Code may contain such provisions elsewhere, this specific section does not satisfy the criterion.

No matching sections in corpus (FTS returned 0 candidates) — concept not codified in this jurisdiction's election statute.

No candidate sections returned by FTS.

No section in the FTS-surfaced candidates satisfies this criterion. Best signal: Section 92 of the Canada Elections Act addresses prohibition of false publication regarding candidate withdrawal, but it does not codify a PUBLIC-NOTICE PROCEDURE for communicating actual disqualifications or withdrawals to voters after ballot printing. The provision is a prohibition on misinformation, not a procedural rule establishing how election officials must notify the public when a candidate actually withdraws or is disqualified. CAND.2 specifically requires codification of the public-notice procedure itself—the timing, format, and distribution mechanism for official notification—not merely a ban on false statements about such events. This section does not enumerate notification rules, timing requirements, or procedural steps that election officials must follow.

No matching sections in corpus.

No section in the FTS-surfaced candidates satisfies this criterion. Best signal: Section 48 of Law 62/2003 addresses the mathematical formula for converting votes into mandates (Skrutinium). While the text acknowledges candidate withdrawals ('vzdali'), disqualifications ('byli odvoláni'), and loss of eligibility due to foreign citizenship restrictions, it exclusively addresses how such candidates are treated in the seat allocation calculation—they are simply excluded from the divisor calculation. The section contains no codified procedure for public notice, notification timing, or communication of disqualifications to voters. The statute specifies only the technical consequence (exclusion from seat calculations), not the voter communication framework required by CAND.2. Public-notice procedures for candidate disqualifications must be found in other statutory provisions, not in this section.

No matching sections in corpus (FTS returned 0 candidates) — concept not codified in this jurisdiction's election statute.

No section in the FTS-surfaced candidates satisfies this criterion. Best signal: § 48 BWahlG addresses the procedural mechanics of successor appointment when a candidate or elected member dies or withdraws. The provision establishes internal administrative notification procedures (the state electoral officer notifies the successor and requests confirmation within one week), but does not codify a public-notice procedure for informing voters of candidate disqualifications or withdrawals after ballot printing. The statute specifies successor determination criteria and internal notification requirements, but contains no requirement for statutory-mandated public communication about ballot changes or disqualifications to the electorate. The criterion requires codification of public-notice procedures, not merely internal administrative notification.

No candidate sections returned by FTS.

No matching sections in corpus.

No section in the FTS-surfaced candidates satisfies this criterion. Best signal: 10 ILCS 5/7-12 governs filing windows; no disqualification-notice provision surfaced.

No section in the FTS-surfaced candidates satisfies this criterion. Best signal: K.S.A. 25-905 addresses notification to candidates of filing violations and establishes penalties for violations (fines and office vacation/disqualification). However, the statute does not establish a codified public-notice procedure for informing voters when a candidate is disqualified or withdraws after the ballot is printed. The section requires the filing officer to notify the candidate of non-compliance, but contains no mandate for public notification, ballot modification procedures, or voter communication regarding candidate disqualification post-ballot printing. The criterion specifically asks whether public-notice procedures are codified; this statute only addresses candidate notification, not public notice.

No section in the FTS-surfaced candidates satisfies this criterion. Best signal: Article 34 addresses private financing of elections and does not codify any public-notice procedure for candidate disqualification or withdrawal after ballots are printed. While the section mentions that withdrawal of candidature triggers refund of election funds (clause 7), it contains no provision requiring publication or notification to the public of such disqualifications or withdrawals. The article focuses entirely on election fund management, banking procedures, and financial constraints. The criterion requires codified statutory procedures for notifying the public when candidates are disqualified or withdraw post-ballot-printing. This section does not address voter notification, ballot correction procedures, or public communication requirements related to candidate status changes.

No section in the FTS-surfaced candidates satisfies this criterion. Best signal: FTS surfaced the campaign-accounting provision; the surfaced section does not codify a public-notice procedure for a candidate who is disqualified or withdraws after the ballot is printed.

No section in the FTS-surfaced candidates satisfies this criterion. Best signal: Article 140 addresses the written requisition powers of the electoral bureau president and expressly prohibits using such requisitions to obstruct candidates, delegates, and accredited observers from exercising their observation mission during electoral operations. This provision concerns observer access and procedural fairness during voting, not candidate disqualification or withdrawal procedures, nor public-notice requirements following such disqualification or withdrawal. The criterion requires codification of public-notice procedures when candidates are disqualified or withdraw after ballot printing. This section contains no language addressing disqualification, withdrawal, ballot reprinting, or any public notification procedure related to changes in candidate status. The section is substantively unrelated to CAND.2.

No section in the FTS-surfaced candidates satisfies this criterion. Best signal: Section 5-301 addresses candidate filing requirements, name designation on ballots, and the mechanics of certificate of candidacy filings. It does not contain codified procedures for public notice when a candidate is disqualified or withdraws after the ballot is printed. While subsection (a)(2) references withdrawal through 'a certificate of withdrawal under Subtitle 5 of this title,' this section does not itself codify the public-notice procedure for post-ballot-printing disqualifications or withdrawals. The criterion requires that the public-notice procedure be codified in statute; referencing another subtitle without detailing the notice procedure does not satisfy this requirement.

No section in the FTS-surfaced candidates satisfies this criterion. Best signal: Section M.G.L. c. 53, § 7 addresses disqualification during the nomination-paper certification process (marking names as disqualified and explaining why via symbols). However, the criterion CAND.2 specifically asks whether the statute codifies a public-notice procedure for candidates who are disqualified or withdraw *after the ballot is printed*. This section does not address post-ballot-printing disqualification or withdrawal procedures, nor does it codify any public-notice mechanism for communicating such events to voters. The section is limited to pre-filing certification and does not govern the post-printing stage or voter notification of disqualifications/withdrawals after ballot production. The criterion requires codification of a public-notice procedure for a distinct procedural phase not covered here.

This section addresses vacancy-filling procedures for state senator/representative candidates who die, withdraw, or become disqualified, including certification to election officials and ballot printing. However, it does not specifically address what happens AFTER the ballot is printed, nor does it codify any public-notice procedure to voters about the disqualification/withdrawal. The certification is internal (to SOS/county clerk/election commissioners), not a public notice procedure.

No candidate sections returned by FTS.

No section in the FTS-surfaced candidates satisfies this criterion. Best signal: § 115.124 addresses candidate filing procedures, ballot ordering through random drawing, and the conditions under which nonpartisan elections may be held or cancelled. It specifies notification requirements for when no election is held and describes the mechanics of candidate filing line designation and random drawing procedures. However, the section does not codify any public-notice procedure for candidate disqualification or withdrawal after the ballot is printed. The statute explicitly states that 'if a sufficient number of candidates withdraw from such contest for that office so that the number of candidates remaining after the filing deadline is equal to the number of positions to be filled,' the election must still be held as scheduled. This establishes a filing deadline cutoff but does not address post-ballot-printing disqualifications or withdrawals, nor does it establish notice procedures for such events. The criterion requires codification of public-notice procedures for post-ballot-printing candidate disqualifications or withdrawals, which is absent from this section.

No section in the FTS-surfaced candidates satisfies this criterion. Best signal: FTS surfaced the campaign-materials attribution provision; the surfaced sections do not codify a public-notice procedure for a candidate who is disqualified or withdraws after the ballot is printed.

No matching sections in corpus.

No section in the FTS-surfaced candidates satisfies this criterion. Best signal: This section (§ 1-19-35) addresses late filing penalties and enforcement mechanisms for campaign reporting violations, not the public-notice procedures for candidate disqualification or withdrawal after ballot printing. While Subsection F addresses consequences for candidates who fail to file reports (preventing ballot placement or certificate issuance), it does not codify any public-notice procedure to inform voters about disqualifications or post-ballot-printing withdrawals. The criterion requires that the public-notice procedure itself be codified in statute—i.e., how the jurisdiction notifies the public when a candidate is disqualified or withdrawn after ballots are printed. This section concerns penalties and filing requirements, not voter notification procedures.

§ 16.1-11-38 codifies tie-vote determination. § 16.1-16-01 codifies recount procedure. Candidate-disqualification publication mechanic uses general certificate-of-nomination + canvass-board procedure rather than a dedicated disqualification-publication clause.

No candidate sections returned by FTS.

No section in the FTS-surfaced candidates satisfies this criterion. Best signal: This section codifies the procedural requirements for candidate withdrawal (who may withdraw, signature requirements, notarization, filing deadline), but it does not codify any public-notice procedure regarding how the withdrawal or disqualification must be communicated to voters after ballots are printed. The statute addresses the filing mechanism with the election board but contains no provisions requiring notice to the public, posting of withdrawal information, distribution of supplemental materials, or any other voter-facing notification procedure. The criterion specifically asks whether the public-notice procedure is codified, and this section only addresses the internal filing procedure.

No section in the FTS-surfaced candidates satisfies this criterion. Best signal: Section 17-12-12 addresses vacancies in district committee positions and the procedures for filling those vacancies through appointment or election by remaining committee members or state party officials. It does not contain any provisions regarding candidate disqualification, candidate withdrawal, ballot printing, or public notice procedures related to candidates. The section is focused on internal party committee structure and governance, not on candidate ballot status or voter notification about candidate changes. The criterion requires codification of public-notice procedures for candidate disqualification or withdrawal after ballot printing, which is entirely absent from this section.

No matching sections in corpus (FTS returned 0 candidates) — concept not codified in this jurisdiction's election statute.

No candidate sections returned by FTS.

No section in the FTS-surfaced candidates satisfies this criterion. Best signal: Section 82 of the Electoral Act 73 of 1998 addresses the appointment, powers, duties, and removal of election officers. It contains no provisions regarding candidate disqualification, candidate withdrawal, ballot printing procedures, or public notice requirements for either disqualification or withdrawal. The section is entirely focused on officer conduct, impartiality standards, and officer removal procedures. It does not codify any public-notice procedure for candidate disqualification or withdrawal after ballot printing, which is what CAND.2 criterion requires.

No section in the FTS-surfaced candidates satisfies this criterion. Best signal: Section 7-11-210 addresses candidate filing requirements, party pledges, and enforcement mechanisms for primary election candidates who violate their pledges by campaigning in general elections. However, the statute does not codify any public-notice procedure for situations where a candidate is disqualified or withdraws after the ballot is printed. The section establishes filing deadlines (March 30th at noon) and signature requirements, but contains no language addressing post-ballot-printing disqualification, withdrawal, or the procedures for notifying the public of such events. The criterion specifically requires codification of public-notice procedures for candidate disqualification or withdrawal after ballot printing, which is absent from this section.

No candidate sections returned by FTS.

No candidate sections returned by FTS.

No matching sections in corpus (FTS returned 0 candidates) — concept not codified in this jurisdiction's election statute.

§ 7.08 establishes commission notice authority but specific candidate-disqualification publication procedure lives in Ch. 8 (Nominations) and Ch. 10 (Notices) which weren't ingested. Partial: notice authority codified, specifics not surfaced.