EIIElection Integrity Index

§ 16.1-15-09 codifies that voting systems must generate printed zero-state records and end-state records (totals for each candidate, each measure, public counter), all certified by inspector + judges. § 16.1-06-15 codifies sealed retention of testing materials. § 16.1-07-13.1 codifies signature verification. Public verification artifacts (signed printed records) explicitly codified.

No candidate sections returned by FTS.

§ 16.1-06-12(1) defines 'ballot' explicitly as 'a paper ballot from which the votes for candidates and questions are tabulated by hand or by a voting system' — paper-only regime statutorily mandated. § 16.1-13-22 codifies delivery of paper ballot to elector. § 16.1-13-25 codifies write-in on paper ballot. Voter-verifiable paper-trail regime fully codified.

“"Ballot" means a paper ballot from which the votes for candidates and questions are tabulated by hand or by a voting system. The term includes the digital image of a marked ballot captured by a voting system.”

§ 16.1-02-13 codifies that the county auditor generates pollbooks from the central voter file. § 16.1-13-42 codifies that the auditor 'shall keep open for public inspection a list of all individuals who have applied to vote for presidential electors as new residents.' § 16.1-15-22 (not in FTS top-5) codifies certified abstract transmittal. Citizen access to precinct data is codified through public-inspection provisions, though standing for an independent re-tally is limited.

§ 16.1-15-08 codifies that 'each wrapper must be sealed securely in a manner prescribed by the county auditor so the wrappers cannot be opened without an obvious and permanent breaking of the seal' — tamper-EVIDENT seal standard explicitly codified. § 16.1-15-04 codifies that ballots may not be sealed nor canvass report signed until totals reconcile. § 16.1-06-18 codifies ballot delivery procedure. § 16.1-13-21 codifies opening of sealed ballot packages at polling place. Ordinal level 2: tamper-evident multi-seal regime codified.

No section in the FTS-surfaced candidates satisfies this criterion. Best signal: § 16.1-07-28 codifies electronic free-access system for UOCAVA-voter receipt confirmation. § 16.1-08.1-06 codifies electronic campaign-finance filing. Neither codifies network-isolation requirement for vote-casting equipment.

§ 16.1-15-12 codifies that 'ballot boxes and voting machines are to be under the care and custody of the county auditor and assigned staff members.' § 16.1-07-10 codifies absent-voter ballot custody. § 16.1-15-08 codifies sealed-wrapping return-to-county-recorder procedure. Chain-of-custody clearly codified.

§ 16.1-06-25 makes tampering with a voting system or device a class C felony — explicit codified criminal penalty. § 16.1-02-11 codifies central voter file rules.

“Any person who violates any of the provisions of this chapter relating to voting systems, who tampers with or injures any voting system or device to be used or being used in any election, or who prevents the correct operation of any such system or device to be used or being used in any election is guilty of a class C felony.”

§ 16.1-16-01 codifies mandatory recount triggers (auto-recount at 0.5% margin general, 1% primary, 0.25% measures). § 16.1-08.1-05 codifies Secretary-of-State audit of campaign-finance filings when irregularity is alleged. § 16.1-15-23 / § 16.1-15-28 codify canvass procedures. ND does not codify a separate per-election post-tabulation manual audit (no RLA, no fixed-percentage audit); the canvass + automatic-recount regime serves verification.

§ 16.1-16-01 codifies the recount method: triggered automatically at narrow margins (0.5% general / 1% primary / 0.25% measures), with manual recount of paper ballots under guidelines established by the Secretary of State. § 16.1-15-04 codifies the canvass report. § 16.1-15-23 codifies canvass publication. Ordinal level 1: manual recount triggered by margin (not risk-limiting; not fixed-percentage post-tabulation audit).

§ 16.1-16-01 codifies discrepancy/close-margin triggers: 0.5% margin auto-recount for general elections, 1% for primary, 0.25% for measures. Demand-recount available at margins between 1% and 2% (primary). Comprehensive trigger-based recount framework codified.

§ 16.1-16-01 codifies recount procedure under Secretary of State guidelines. § 16.1-05-09 (election observers, not in FTS top-5 for this datapoint) codifies that election observers have uniform and nondiscriminatory access to 'all stages of the election process, including the certification of election technologies, early voting, absentee voting, voter appeals, vote tabulation, and recounts.' Combined, public observation of recount/audit is statutorily codified.

§ 16.1-15-09 codifies that election officers shall generate reports of votes cast/counted by voting systems for all candidates and measures; printed records (zero-state + end-state) must be certified by inspector + judges. § 16.1-15-22 codifies certified abstract transmittal. § 16.1-15-44 codifies Secretary of State recording of statement. § 16.1-16-01 makes recount results binding on certification. Comprehensive binding-force framework.

No section in the FTS-surfaced candidates satisfies this criterion. Best signal: § 16.1-08.1-06.2 (Secretary of state training on campaign-finance rules) and § 16.1-09-05 (statement-handling powers) are FTS-surfaced but unrelated to voting-system source-code disclosure. ND does not codify voting-system source-code disclosure; the Secretary of State is empowered to decertify systems but proprietary code is not statutorily public.

No candidate sections returned by FTS.

No candidate sections returned by FTS.

§ 16.1-06-15 codifies mandatory pre-election testing of voting systems with one-week-prior-notice to each political-party district chair, public test in the county auditor's office, and sealed retention of testing materials. § 16.1-06-12 codifies voting-system definitions. § 16.1-08.1-01 codifies campaign-finance definitions. Pre-poll public commitment of voting-system behavior is codified, though without cryptographic signature.

No candidate sections returned by FTS.

§ 16.1-05-09 codifies the strongest observer mandate in the corpus: 'Election observers must be allowed uniform and nondiscriminatory access to all stages of the election process, including the certification of election technologies, early voting, absentee voting, voter appeals, vote tabulation, and recounts.' Any individual (except a candidate-on-ballot) may serve as an observer with notice. Each polling place must be arranged so the observer can plainly view and hear all occurrences without infringing voter privacy.

“Election observers must be allowed uniform and nondiscriminatory access to all stages of the election process, including the certification of election technologies, early voting, absentee voting, voter appeals, vote tabulation, and recounts.”

No candidate sections returned by FTS.

§ 16.1-11-31 codifies that 'vote tabulation machines must print reports detailing the election results from the precinct after the close of the polls.' § 16.1-15-09 codifies certified zero-state + end-state reports. § 16.1-15-44 codifies Secretary of State publication of abstract. § 16.1-01-03 codifies that the election board generates the report of vote totals not later than 30 minutes after the last elector in line received a ballot. Ordinal level 4: precinct-level results available within minutes of poll close.

No candidate sections returned by FTS.

§ 16.1-06-02 codifies ballot printing/distribution authority (county auditor for local elections, Secretary of State for others). § 16.1-06-26 (not in FTS top-5) codifies Secretary of State voting-system certification with potential decertification. Multiple vendors may seek certification but no explicit multi-vendor mandate codified.

No section in the FTS-surfaced candidates satisfies this criterion. Best signal: § 16.1-06-14 codifies requirements for voting systems — must provide for voting for nominated/non-nominated candidates and questions/measures, etc. Functional requirements codified, but no open-protocol/open-format mandate for vote-data exchange.

No section in the FTS-surfaced candidates satisfies this criterion. Best signal: § 16.1-10-02 codifies prohibition on use of state property/services for political purposes. § 16.1-08.1-01 codifies campaign-finance definitions. No contract-duration cap codified for voting-system vendors.

No candidate sections returned by FTS.

§ 16.1-13-23 codifies that 'upon receipt of a ballot within the provided secrecy sleeve, the elector, without leaving the polling place, shall retire alone to one of the voting booths or compartments to prepare the elector's ballot' — voter must retire alone, ballot in secrecy sleeve. § 16.1-07-12 codifies absentee secrecy. § 16.1-06-14 codifies voting-system secrecy requirements. § 16.1-13-29 codifies booth-screening requirement.

“the elector, without leaving the polling place, shall retire alone to one of the voting booths or compartments to prepare the elector's ballot”

No candidate sections returned by FTS.

§ 16.1-13-29 codifies an explicit statutory polling-place density floor: 'the number of booths or compartments in precincts may not be less than one for each one hundred fifty electors or fraction of one hundred fifty electors in the precincts served by the polling place.' Additionally requires at least one certified tabulation device and ballot marking device per polling place. § 16.1-05-01 codifies election-board attendance. Explicit density floor — one of the few in the corpus.

“The number of booths or compartments in precincts may not be less than one for each one hundred fifty electors or fraction of one hundred fifty electors in the precincts served by the polling place.”