ECIElection Campaign-Finance Index
How well is money in politics regulated and disclosed?
Dimensions
Contributions
83.3% · 3/3| Datapoint | Score | Rationale & evidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| CONT.1Contribution limit framework codifiedIf contribution limits exist, are they set by statute (not administrative discretion)? If no limits, is that absence explicit in statute? | 1/1100.0% | ORS 260.014 explicitly codifies contribution limits in statute across multiple subsections and office categories. The limits are enumerated with specific dollar amounts and timeframes (per election, per year, per election cycle) applied to different contributor types and candidate offices. No delegation to administrative discretion occurs; the statutory text itself establishes the permissible contribution framework. | § view source 2026-05-31 |
| CONT.2Independent expenditure rulesAre independent-expenditure rules (third-party spending separate from candidate committees) codified in statute? | 1/1100.0% | ORS § 260.044 comprehensively codifies independent-expenditure rules in statute, including: a threshold ($250), triggering obligations (electronic filing), filing deadlines (7 days initially, 30 days generally, 7 days during election periods), definitions of independent expenditures (subsection 7), and distinctions from contributions. The rules establish clear procedures rather than delegating to administrative discretion, satisfying the procedural-clarity standard. | § view source 2026-05-31 |
| CONT.3Anonymous-contribution treatmentAre anonymous contributions (cash below the threshold, etc.) addressed in statute with a defined disposition (returned, forfeited, etc.)? | 0.5/150.0% | The statute clearly identifies when anonymous donations ($1,000+) trigger a restriction: they may not be used for candidate-specific communications. However, the section does not specify the disposition of such donations—whether they must be returned to the donor, forfeited to the state, held in escrow, or destroyed. The statute addresses treatment only in the narrow context of communications-financing, not general contribution handling procedures. | § view source 2026-05-31 |
Disclosure
40.0% · 2/5| Datapoint | Score | Rationale & evidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| DISC.1Disclosure threshold in statuteIs the disclosure threshold (amount above which contributions must be reported) defined in statute, not regulation? | 1/1100.0% | The section statutorily defines a disclosure threshold of $5,000: candidates and committees below that amount may file a simplified certificate and are exempt from detailed disclosure statements (ORS 260.057). Once contributions or expenditures exceed $5,000, full disclosure statements must be filed within seven days. The threshold is enumerated in the statute itself, not delegated to regulation or administrative discretion. | § view source 2026-05-31 |
| DISC.2Enumerated filing scheduleIs the filing schedule (pre-election, post-election, quarterly, etc.) enumerated in statute with specific deadlines? | 0/10.0% | No matching sections in corpus. | no FTS match 2026-05-31 |
| DISC.3Disclosure of contributor identityDoes statute require contributor name, address, occupation, and employer be disclosed for contributions above the threshold? | 1/250.0% | Section 260.059(3) requires disclosure of contributor name and original source of funds for contributors giving $5,000+ to independent-expenditure entities, satisfying the 'name' component. However, the statute does not explicitly require disclosure of address, occupation, or employer—only name and fund source. The original-source definition in subsection (6)(c)(B) identifies the person and fund type (business income vs. personal funds) but does not mandate occupational or employer fields as distinct disclosure elements. | § view source 2026-05-31 |
| DISC.4Public access to filingsAre campaign-finance filings legally required to be publicly accessible online within a defined time of filing? | 0/10.0% | No matching sections in corpus. | no FTS match 2026-05-31 |
Enforcement
50.0% · 2/4| Datapoint | Score | Rationale & evidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| ENF.1Penalty schedule codifiedAre penalties for campaign-finance violations defined in statute with specified amounts (civil) and/or criminal grades? | 1/250.0% | The section codifies a civil penalty schedule with a specified maximum amount ($10,000) for synthetic media disclosure violations, directly satisfying the procedural requirement for statutorily-defined penalties. However, no criminal penalty is specified, yielding a score of 1 rather than 2 under the ordinal scale. | § view source 2026-05-31 |
| ENF.2Enforcement body independenceIs the enforcement body (election commission, attorney general, campaign-finance regulator) appointed by multi-branch process and protected from in-cycle political control? | 0/10.0% | No section in the FTS-surfaced candidates satisfies this criterion. Best signal: ORS 260.061 establishes Secretary of State responsibilities for dashboard reporting and biannual review but contains no definition of an enforcement body, no appointment process, no protection from political control, and no enforcement mechanism. The section addresses procedural reporting requirements, not the structural independence of campaign-finance enforcement. | § view source 2026-05-31 |
| ENF.3Private right of actionDoes statute provide a private right of action (citizen or party suit) for campaign-finance violations? | 1/1100.0% | ORS § 260.532(5) explicitly grants a private right of action to candidates and political committees aggrieved by violations of the false-statement prohibition. The statute defines standing (aggrieved party), venue (any county where defendant resides or publication occurred), the burden of proof (clear and convincing evidence), available remedies (economic and noneconomic damages, minimum $2,500, attorney fees, and equitable relief), and procedural requirements (30-day filing deadline, expedited adjudication). This is a comprehensive statutory right of action with defined enforcement procedures. | § view source 2026-05-31 |
Foreign Source
50.0% · 2/4| Datapoint | Score | Rationale & evidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| FOR.1Foreign-source prohibitionIs direct foreign contribution to a candidate or campaign committee prohibited by statute? | 1/1100.0% | ORS 260.416(2)(a) explicitly prohibits foreign nationals, foreign corporations, and foreign entities from making candidate campaign contributions or expenditures. The statute provides a statutory definition of 'foreign national' by reference to federal law (22 U.S.C. 611(b)) with enumerated exceptions for U.S. citizens, nationals, lawfully permanent residents, and Oregon residents, establishing clear statutory procedure and enumeration. | § view source 2026-05-31 |
| FOR.2Indirect / pass-through foreign rulesAre indirect foreign-source channels (foreign nationals via domestic entities, foreign-controlled LLCs, etc.) addressed in statute? | 1/250.0% | The statute prohibits foreign nationals and foreign entities from making contributions 'directly or indirectly' and defines 'foreign national' by reference to federal law (22 U.S.C. 611(b)) with specific carve-outs for US citizens, nationals, and permanent residents. This addresses some indirect channels (foreign nationals acting through others). However, the section does not address indirect channels via foreign-controlled domestic entities (e.g., LLCs, corporations controlled by foreigners) or require corporate-ownership tracing to verify domestic-entity non-foreign-control. The statute covers some indirect conduits but lacks the comprehensive corporate-ownership verification framework. | § view source 2026-05-31 |
| FOR.3Foreign-source verificationAre campaign committees required by statute to verify contributors are not foreign-source (vs. relying on contributor self-attestation alone)? | 0/10.0% | No section in the FTS-surfaced candidates satisfies this criterion. Best signal: ORS 260.039 addresses the content and filing requirements for statements of organization by candidates and principal campaign committees. It specifies required organizational information (names, addresses, occupations, committee structure, bank account details) and filing deadlines, but contains no requirement or procedure for verifying that contributors are not foreign-source entities. The section does not address contributor verification at all, relying instead on other provisions of Oregon's campaign-finance statutes for that purpose. | § view source 2026-05-31 |
Traceability
0.0% · 0/2| Datapoint | Score | Rationale & evidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| TRACE.1Records-retention requirementAre campaign committees required by statute to retain records (contributor lists, expenditure documentation, bank statements) for a defined period? | — no data | No rationale recorded. | no FTS match |
| TRACE.2Audit accessAre campaign-committee records subject to mandatory audit (post-election random sample, threshold-triggered audit, or routine cycle) under statute? | — no data | No rationale recorded. | no FTS match |