ECIElection Campaign-Finance Index
How well is money in politics regulated and disclosed?
Dimensions
Contributions
33.3% · 1/3| Datapoint | Score | Rationale & evidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| CONT.1Contribution limit framework codifiedIf contribution limits exist, are they set by statute (not administrative discretion)? If no limits, is that absence explicit in statute? | 1/1100.0% | Article 58 codifies the electoral fund framework with statutory contribution-limit framework: candidates must establish electoral funds and contributions are limited per individual and entity (specific lira/ruble amounts in subordinate laws). Statutory framework codified, though specific amounts are in separate federal laws. | § view source 2026-05-18 |
| CONT.2Independent expenditure rulesAre independent-expenditure rules (third-party spending separate from candidate committees) codified in statute? | 0/10.0% | Article 59 codifies expenditure authority for electoral funds. Independent expenditure (third-party spending) is not explicitly codified separately — Russian law channels all election-related spending through registered candidate/party funds via Article 58. | § view source 2026-05-18 |
| CONT.3Anonymous-contribution treatmentAre anonymous contributions (cash below the threshold, etc.) addressed in statute with a defined disposition (returned, forfeited, etc.)? | 0/10.0% | No candidate sections returned by FTS. | no FTS match 2026-05-18 |
Disclosure
0.0% · 0/5Enforcement
37.5% · 2/4| Datapoint | Score | Rationale & evidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| ENF.1Penalty schedule codifiedAre penalties for campaign-finance violations defined in statute with specified amounts (civil) and/or criminal grades? | 1/250.0% | Article 77 codifies cancellation of voting results upon violations. Article 78 codifies the appeal/complaint framework. Article 56 codifies campaigning restrictions. Article 54 covers materials distribution. Article 48 defines campaigning. Penalty framework codified; specific monetary fines/criminal grades live in Code of Administrative Offences + Criminal Code (separate instruments). | § view source 2026-05-18 |
| ENF.2Enforcement body independenceIs the enforcement body (election commission, attorney general, campaign-finance regulator) appointed by multi-branch process and protected from in-cycle political control? | 0.5/150.0% | Article 28 (commission collegiate operation), Article 24 (municipal commissions), Article 29 (status restrictions), Article 22 (multi-tier formation), Article 43 (attorneys). Enforcement bodies are state commissions with statutory independence frameworks — though political-balance and multi-branch appointment aren't strictly codified for the CEC. | § view source 2026-05-18 |
| ENF.3Private right of actionDoes statute provide a private right of action (citizen or party suit) for campaign-finance violations? | 0/10.0% | No candidate sections returned by FTS. | no FTS match 2026-05-18 |
Foreign Source
50.0% · 2/4| Datapoint | Score | Rationale & evidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| FOR.1Foreign-source prohibitionIs direct foreign contribution to a candidate or campaign committee prohibited by statute? | 1/1100.0% | Article 58 codifies the prohibition on foreign sources for electoral funds (foreign citizens, foreign legal entities, international organizations, etc.). Article 3 codifies principles. Article 4 (citizens-only suffrage). Comprehensive foreign-source prohibition for campaign funding. | § view source 2026-05-18 |
| FOR.2Indirect / pass-through foreign rulesAre indirect foreign-source channels (foreign nationals via domestic entities, foreign-controlled LLCs, etc.) addressed in statute? | 1/250.0% | Article 59 codifies management of electoral funds (only candidates/election associations have authority). Article 48 defines campaigning subjects. Anti-circumvention rules for indirect/pass-through foreign sources partially codified (Article 58 enumeration excludes foreign-owned domestic entities). 'Foreign agent' designations under Russian law (separate framework) extend this prohibition further. | § view source 2026-05-18 |
| FOR.3Foreign-source verificationAre campaign committees required by statute to verify contributors are not foreign-source (vs. relying on contributor self-attestation alone)? | 0/10.0% | No section in the FTS-surfaced candidates satisfies this criterion. Best signal: Article 59 covers expenditure authority. Article 2 covers definitions. Article 20 covers commission system. No specific verification-of-contributor-non-foreign-status requirement codified — Article 58 prohibits foreign contributions but relies on contributor self-attestation. | § view source 2026-05-18 |
Traceability
0.0% · 0/2| Datapoint | Score | Rationale & evidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| TRACE.1Records-retention requirementAre campaign committees required by statute to retain records (contributor lists, expenditure documentation, bank statements) for a defined period? | 0/10.0% | Article 50 covers campaign-period media records (TV/radio broadcasters must maintain logs). Article 29 covers commission-member status. Specific records-retention duration for campaign committees not directly codified — lives in Federal Law on Accounting + subordinate election laws. | § view source 2026-05-18 |
| TRACE.2Audit accessAre campaign-committee records subject to mandatory audit (post-election random sample, threshold-triggered audit, or routine cycle) under statute? | 0/10.0% | No candidate sections returned by FTS. | no FTS match 2026-05-18 |