EAIElectoral Access Index

Article 22 codifies the multi-tier election-commission system (subject-level, municipal, district, territorial, precinct). Article 28 codifies collegiate operation requirement. Article 29 codifies prohibitions on commission membership (foreign citizens, candidates, etc.). Article 24 codifies municipal-formation commission powers. CEC independence statutorily codified, though political-balance composition is heavily state-controlled in practice.

Article 4 codifies the 18-year-old age requirement and federal citizenship requirement. Constitution Article 32 (not surfaced) constitutionally grounds suffrage. Combined: constitutional + statutory framing.

Article 4(3) codifies the disqualification framework: 'A citizen of the Russian Federation residing or being outside the territory of the Russian Federation has equal electoral rights' EXCEPT those 'recognized incapable by a court' or 'kept in places of imprisonment under a court judgement.' Disqualification grounds codified statutorily; restoration upon completion implied. No explicit constitutional grounding in surfaced corpus.

No candidate sections returned by FTS.

No candidate sections returned by FTS.

No section in the FTS-surfaced candidates satisfies this criterion. Best signal: Article 38 covers candidate registration documents — not voter ID enumeration. Voter ID requirements live in Article 64 (in v0 cands).

No section in the FTS-surfaced candidates satisfies this criterion. Best signal: Article 54 covers campaign materials — unrelated. Russia's free internal passport is universally issued at age 14 (separate statute), making voter-ID accessibility largely a function of passport availability.

No candidate sections returned by FTS.

No candidate sections returned by FTS.

Article 17 codifies voter-list preparation: 'In order to ensure the rights of voters, referendum participants, corresponding election commissions shall prepare lists of voters... on the basis of the data obtained through the use of the state' registry. Article 19 codifies precinct formation. Article 38 codifies candidate registration deadlines. Statutory registration deadline framework codified.

Article 48 covers election campaigning, Article 62 absentee certificate, Article 15 referendum calling, Article 64 voting procedure. Voter registration in Russia is automatic via the state automated system 'GAS Vybory' (Article 74 in REG.3 cands). Methods aren't exhaustively enumerated in the surfaced corpus.

Article 74 codifies 'Use of State Automated Information System Vybory' for voter-list management — implies systematic correction procedures. Article 17 codifies list-preparation procedures with correction opportunities. Cure procedure for incomplete registration partially codified.

Article 75 codifies the right to appeal decisions and actions violating electoral rights, including registration removal. Article 78 codifies appeal-submission terms. Article 76 codifies registration-annulment procedures. Comprehensive appeal framework codified.

Article 75 (Appeal of decisions) governs the framework. Article 77 (Cancellation of voting results) extends to administrative annulments. Roll-maintenance criteria partially codified via the appeals framework, but specific death/address/inactivity removal criteria live in GAS Vybory operating rules (Article 74).

Article 30 (commissions openness) provides general transparency. Article 69 codifies protocol-handling. No specific pre-purge notice-and-cure procedure codified — Russia's automatic GAS Vybory system handles purges without individual notice.

No section in the FTS-surfaced candidates satisfies this criterion. Best signal: Article 33 covers candidate-nomination data handling, Article 56 campaign restrictions, Article 53 mass campaigning, Article 59 fund expenditure, Article 40 official-position restrictions. No specific voter-data security/breach regime codified in surfaced corpus.

No candidate sections returned by FTS.

Article 66 codifies voting outside polling station for disabled/elderly voters: 'Precinct commission shall make proper arrangements to enable voters, referendum participants to vote if they are included in the list of voters' but cannot attend the polling station. Statutory disability-assistance procedure codified.

No candidate sections returned by FTS.

Article 64 codifies statutory polling-hours floor: 'Duration of voting shall not be less than ten hours.' Specific opening/closing times set by the calling-authority's law. Article 65 codifies early voting (15-day window). Article 27 codifies precinct commission formation. Hours statutorily framed.

No section in the FTS-surfaced candidates satisfies this criterion. Best signal: Article 64 covers voting procedure in general — no mail-in voting framework. Russia does not permit mail-in voting domestically (overseas embassy voting only via Article 62 absentee certificates).

Article 62 codifies the absentee certificate framework: 'The law may establish that voter, referendum participant who cannot come to polling station of election precinct, referendum precinct where he is included in list of voters' may obtain an absentee certificate for voting elsewhere. Article 65 codifies early voting (15-day window). Article 67 protocols include early/absentee. Comprehensive absentee framework codified.

Article 65 codifies the early-voting framework: '... a corresponding commission is entitled to permit early (but not earlier than 15 days prior to the voting day) voting of all voters, referendum participants.' Statutory early-voting period codified. (Note: practical scope of early voting expanded significantly by 2020 amendments for federal elections.)

No candidate sections returned by FTS.

No section in the FTS-surfaced candidates satisfies this criterion. Best signal: Article 31 (Dissolution of Commission) — unrelated. No provisional-ballot framework codified; Russia uses absentee certificates (Article 62) instead.