ECIElection Campaign-Finance Index
How well is money in politics regulated and disclosed?
Dimensions
Contributions
83.3% · 3/3| Datapoint | Score | Rationale & evidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| CONT.1Contribution limit framework codifiedIf contribution limits exist, are they set by statute (not administrative discretion)? If no limits, is that absence explicit in statute? | 0.5/150.0% | This section codifies in statute that local jurisdictions *may* set contribution limits, which satisfies the basic requirement that the framework be grounded in statute rather than pure administrative discretion. However, it provides no specific statutory limits themselves—neither maximums nor minimums—and instead delegates the substantive limit-setting to local discretion with only the vague constraint of 'reasonable limitations.' This fails the core procedural-clarity requirement of enumeration: there is no exhaustive definition of what those limits are, how they are determined, or what amounts are permissible. The dual-scholar test would identify this as partial: both scholars would agree the delegation is statutorily authorized, but both would note the absence of enumerated limits or clear guidance for setting them. | § view source 2026-06-08 |
| CONT.2Independent expenditure rulesAre independent-expenditure rules (third-party spending separate from candidate committees) codified in statute? | 1/1100.0% | The section provides explicit statutory codification of independent-expenditure rules, including registration thresholds ($200 aggregate), timing requirements (15 days), record-retention obligations (4 years for contributor and expenditure records), resident-agent requirements, and penalty provisions (late-filing fees). All core procedural elements—definition, enumeration of requirements, and enforcement mechanism—are grounded directly in statute rather than delegated to administrative discretion. | § view source 2026-06-08 |
| CONT.3Anonymous-contribution treatmentAre anonymous contributions (cash below the threshold, etc.) addressed in statute with a defined disposition (returned, forfeited, etc.)? | 1/1100.0% | The statute explicitly prohibits anonymous contributions of $50 or more (§7-9-405(e)(1)) and mandates a specific, defined disposition: anonymous contributions received must be 'promptly paid' to the Arkansas Ethics Commission for deposit as state revenue (§7-9-405(e)(2)). This statutory treatment fully addresses the handling of anonymous contributions with a clear procedural outcome, satisfying the criterion's requirement for a defined disposition. | § view source 2026-06-08 |
Disclosure
60.0% · 3/5| Datapoint | Score | Rationale & evidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| DISC.1Disclosure threshold in statuteIs the disclosure threshold (amount above which contributions must be reported) defined in statute, not regulation? | 1/1100.0% | Arkansas Code § 7-6-208(b)(1)(B) explicitly defines in statute the disclosure threshold for contributions: contributors whose aggregate contributions exceed $200 must be named and identified. This is a clear statutory requirement with no delegation to regulation or administrative discretion. | § view source 2026-06-08 |
| DISC.2Enumerated filing scheduleIs the filing schedule (pre-election, post-election, quarterly, etc.) enumerated in statute with specific deadlines? | 0/10.0% | No matching sections in corpus. | no FTS match 2026-06-08 |
| DISC.3Disclosure of contributor identityDoes statute require contributor name, address, occupation, and employer be disclosed for contributions above the threshold? | 2/2100.0% | The statute explicitly requires disclosure of name, address, principal place of business, employer, and occupation for contributions exceeding $200 in aggregate. This satisfies the full identity disclosure requirement (employer and occupation) mandated by DISC.3, and the requirement is clearly codified in statute with specific threshold and filing deadlines. | § view source 2026-06-08 |
| DISC.4Public access to filingsAre campaign-finance filings legally required to be publicly accessible online within a defined time of filing? | 0/10.0% | No section in the FTS-surfaced candidates satisfies this criterion. Best signal: Section 7-4-120 addresses the complaint and investigation procedures for election law violations, including a reference to the Arkansas Ethics Commission's authority over campaign finance and disclosure laws (§§ 7-6-217 and 7-6-218). However, this section does not itself establish requirements for public access to campaign-finance filings, online accessibility, or defined timelines for disclosure. The section delegates campaign finance matters to another statute and does not codify the procedural elements necessary to satisfy DISC.4. | § view source 2026-06-08 |
Enforcement
50.0% · 2/4| Datapoint | Score | Rationale & evidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| ENF.1Penalty schedule codifiedAre penalties for campaign-finance violations defined in statute with specified amounts (civil) and/or criminal grades? | 1/250.0% | The section establishes an enforcement mechanism requiring the Arkansas Ethics Commission to investigate complaints and take action upon finding violations (civil penalties are implied by the enumeration of enforcement actions), but the section text is truncated before the actual penalty schedule is specified. The statute demonstrates procedural enforcement structure (complaint filing, investigation, adjudication, and record-keeping), but this excerpt does not contain the defined penalty amounts or criminal grades necessary to fully satisfy ENF.1. “Issue a pub” | § view source 2026-06-08 |
| ENF.2Enforcement body independenceIs the enforcement body (election commission, attorney general, campaign-finance regulator) appointed by multi-branch process and protected from in-cycle political control? | 0/10.0% | No section in the FTS-surfaced candidates satisfies this criterion. Best signal: This section establishes complaint procedures and investigation authority for the State Board of Election Commissioners but does not address the appointment process or structural protections against in-cycle political control. The statute describes what the Board does (investigate, render findings, impose sanctions) but is silent on how Board members are appointed, by whom, their term lengths, removal protections, or insulation from political pressure during election cycles. | § view source 2026-06-08 |
| ENF.3Private right of actionDoes statute provide a private right of action (citizen or party suit) for campaign-finance violations? | 1/1100.0% | Section 7-6-218(a)(1) explicitly grants any citizen a statutory right to file complaints with the Arkansas Ethics Commission for campaign-finance violations. This establishes a private right of action by creating a direct mechanism through which citizens can initiate enforcement proceedings against alleged violators. The statute specifies the filing deadline, procedures, and that the Ethics Commission must investigate and notify the complainant of final action, providing comprehensive procedural grounding for citizen enforcement. | § view source 2026-06-08 |
Foreign Source
37.5% · 2/4| Datapoint | Score | Rationale & evidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| FOR.1Foreign-source prohibitionIs direct foreign contribution to a candidate or campaign committee prohibited by statute? | 0.5/150.0% | This section requires affirmation that contributors are not foreign nationals and have not knowingly accepted prohibited contributions, but it does not explicitly prohibit foreign contributions in statutory language—it only requires verification through treasurer attestation. The statute mandates a disclosure/certification mechanism rather than an affirmative prohibition with defined violation and enforcement procedures, leaving the substantive prohibition implicit rather than codified as direct statutory language. | § view source 2026-06-08 |
| FOR.2Indirect / pass-through foreign rulesAre indirect foreign-source channels (foreign nationals via domestic entities, foreign-controlled LLCs, etc.) addressed in statute? | 1/250.0% | The statute addresses indirect participation by foreign nationals ('directly or indirectly') through solicitation and decision-making control, establishing a procedural prohibition grounded in law. However, the section does not enumerate verification mechanisms, ownership-tracing procedures, or enforcement methods for detecting foreign control of domestic entities (LLCs, shell corporations, etc.), nor does it specify penalties or audit-access requirements for verifying compliance. | § view source 2026-06-08 |
| FOR.3Foreign-source verificationAre campaign committees required by statute to verify contributors are not foreign-source (vs. relying on contributor self-attestation alone)? | 0/10.0% | No section in the FTS-surfaced candidates satisfies this criterion. Best signal: § 7-4-109 governs qualifications and training for election officials, commissioners, poll workers, and monitors. It contains no provisions regarding campaign-committee contributor verification, foreign-source screening, or campaign finance procedures. The section is entirely outside the scope of FOR.3, which concerns statutory requirements for verifying that campaign contributors are not foreign-source entities. | § view source 2026-06-08 |
Traceability
50.0% · 1/2| Datapoint | Score | Rationale & evidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| TRACE.1Records-retention requirementAre campaign committees required by statute to retain records (contributor lists, expenditure documentation, bank statements) for a defined period? | 1/1100.0% | Section 7-6-227(a)(2) explicitly requires independent expenditure committees to retain contributor records and expenditure documentation for a defined statutory period of four years, with specified content (names, addresses, employment, amounts). This satisfies the core procedural requirement of a record-retention mandate grounded in statute with enumerated scope and duration. | § view source 2026-06-08 |
| TRACE.2Audit accessAre campaign-committee records subject to mandatory audit (post-election random sample, threshold-triggered audit, or routine cycle) under statute? | 0/10.0% | No section in the FTS-surfaced candidates satisfies this criterion. Best signal: Section 7-1-101 is a definitions section for Arkansas election law that provides statutory definitions of election-related terms (such as 'administrator,' 'audit log,' 'election official,' etc.). It contains no provisions establishing mandatory audit procedures for campaign-committee records, audit triggers, sampling methods, or audit-access requirements. This section addresses voting administration and ballot procedures, not campaign finance oversight or committee-record auditing. | § view source 2026-06-08 |