ECIElection Campaign-Finance Index
How well is money in politics regulated and disclosed?
Dimensions
Contributions
0.0% · 0/3| Datapoint | Score | Rationale & evidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| CONT.1Contribution limit framework codifiedIf contribution limits exist, are they set by statute (not administrative discretion)? If no limits, is that absence explicit in statute? | 0/10.0% | No candidate sections returned by FTS. | no FTS match 2026-05-18 |
| CONT.2Independent expenditure rulesAre independent-expenditure rules (third-party spending separate from candidate committees) codified in statute? | 0/10.0% | No candidate sections returned by FTS. | no FTS match 2026-05-18 |
| CONT.3Anonymous-contribution treatmentAre anonymous contributions (cash below the threshold, etc.) addressed in statute with a defined disposition (returned, forfeited, etc.)? | 0/10.0% | No candidate sections returned by FTS. | no FTS match 2026-05-18 |
Disclosure
0.0% · 0/5| Datapoint | Score | Rationale & evidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| DISC.1Disclosure threshold in statuteIs the disclosure threshold (amount above which contributions must be reported) defined in statute, not regulation? | 0/10.0% | No candidate sections returned by FTS. | no FTS match 2026-05-18 |
| DISC.2Enumerated filing scheduleIs the filing schedule (pre-election, post-election, quarterly, etc.) enumerated in statute with specific deadlines? | 0/10.0% | No candidate sections returned by FTS. | no FTS match 2026-05-18 |
| DISC.3Disclosure of contributor identityDoes statute require contributor name, address, occupation, and employer be disclosed for contributions above the threshold? | 0/20.0% | No candidate sections returned by FTS. | no FTS match 2026-05-18 |
| DISC.4Public access to filingsAre campaign-finance filings legally required to be publicly accessible online within a defined time of filing? | 0/10.0% | No candidate sections returned by FTS. | no FTS match 2026-05-18 |
Enforcement
25.0% · 1/4| Datapoint | Score | Rationale & evidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| ENF.1Penalty schedule codifiedAre penalties for campaign-finance violations defined in statute with specified amounts (civil) and/or criminal grades? | 1/250.0% | Article 47 codifies campaign-period restrictions (banned content + sanctionable conduct). Reinforced by Article 49 (general liability provision in Code). Specific penalty amounts/grades live in Belarus Code on Administrative Offenses — separate instrument, not ingested. Partial codification within the Electoral Code itself. | § view source 2026-05-18 |
| ENF.2Enforcement body independenceIs the enforcement body (election commission, attorney general, campaign-finance regulator) appointed by multi-branch process and protected from in-cycle political control? | 0/10.0% | No candidate sections returned by FTS. | no FTS match 2026-05-18 |
| ENF.3Private right of actionDoes statute provide a private right of action (citizen or party suit) for campaign-finance violations? | 0/10.0% | No candidate sections returned by FTS. | no FTS match 2026-05-18 |
Foreign Source
25.0% · 1/4| Datapoint | Score | Rationale & evidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| FOR.1Foreign-source prohibitionIs direct foreign contribution to a candidate or campaign committee prohibited by statute? | 1/1100.0% | Article 48 codifies that expenses for the preparation and conduct of elections are funded from the state budget — combined with Article 45 limiting campaigning subjects to 'Citizens of the Republic of Belarus, political parties, other public associations, labor [collectives]' — effectively prohibits direct foreign-source contributions by enumeration of permitted domestic subjects. Codified within the Code. | § view source 2026-05-18 |
| FOR.2Indirect / pass-through foreign rulesAre indirect foreign-source channels (foreign nationals via domestic entities, foreign-controlled LLCs, etc.) addressed in statute? | 0/20.0% | No section in the FTS-surfaced candidates satisfies this criterion. Best signal: Article 33 codifies Central Commission competences (general election conduct). Article 53 codifies early voting. Neither addresses indirect / pass-through foreign-source channels (foreign-controlled domestic entities). No statutory codification surfaced. | § view source 2026-05-18 |
| FOR.3Foreign-source verificationAre campaign committees required by statute to verify contributors are not foreign-source (vs. relying on contributor self-attestation alone)? | 0/10.0% | Article 48 codifies state-budget funding for the official conduct of elections, which obviates the need for committee-level contributor verification in the dominant funding channel. Article 155 defines campaign-finance terms. No express statutory requirement for committees to verify non-foreign-source status of contributors surfaced — Belarus's model relies on enumerated permitted-subject lists rather than affirmative verification. | § view source 2026-05-18 |
Traceability
0.0% · 0/2| Datapoint | Score | Rationale & evidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| TRACE.1Records-retention requirementAre campaign committees required by statute to retain records (contributor lists, expenditure documentation, bank statements) for a defined period? | 0/10.0% | No section in the FTS-surfaced candidates satisfies this criterion. Best signal: Article 37 codifies organizational procedure of commission work — not campaign-finance records retention. No statutory retention period for contributor lists / expenditure documentation surfaced. | § view source 2026-05-18 |
| TRACE.2Audit accessAre campaign-committee records subject to mandatory audit (post-election random sample, threshold-triggered audit, or routine cycle) under statute? | 0/10.0% | No candidate sections returned by FTS. | no FTS match 2026-05-18 |