EAIElectoral Access Index
How accessible is the franchise under codified procedure?
Dimensions
Administration
50.0% · 1/1| Datapoint | Score | Rationale & evidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| ADMIN.1Election administration independenceIs the election administration body's independence (appointment by multiple branches, fixed terms, balanced political composition) codified in statute or constitution? | 0.5/150.0% | Art. 39 codifies BEC general powers including bureau organization rules and contestation handling; supports independence framework. AEP/BEC term-protection (8-year term, non-partisan leadership) is in Art. 101/102 (in EAdI), not surfaced for ADMIN.1. | § view source 2026-05-12 |
Eligibility
60.0% · 3/5| Datapoint | Score | Rationale & evidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| ELIG.1Age and residency in constitutionAre the minimum age and residency requirements for voting set in the constitution (rather than statute alone)? | 0/10.0% | No section in the FTS-surfaced candidates satisfies this criterion. Best signal: Art. 11 codifies EU citizen voting requirements; not constitutional age/residency. | § view source 2026-05-12 |
| ELIG.2Disqualification frameworkIf voters can be disqualified (felony, mental incompetence), are the criteria and the duration codified in statute, with a defined restoration procedure? | 3/3100.0% | Constituția Art. 36 codifies the constitutional voter-qualification + disqualification framework: 18+ voting age; no vote for those mentally incapacitated under interdict or those condemned by final court judgment to loss of electoral rights. Constitutional framing with implicit statutory restoration (rights restored when judgment-imposed duration expires). “Cetățenii au drept de vot de la vîrsta de 18 ani” | § view source 2026-05-12 |
| ELIG.3Restoration of voting rightsWhere rights are lost (e.g., post-felony), is the procedure for restoration codified, with statutory deadlines and automatic restoration where applicable? | 0/10.0% | No matching sections in corpus (FTS returned 0 candidates) — concept not codified in this jurisdiction's election statute. | no FTS match 2026-05-12 |
Identification
70.0% · 4/5| Datapoint | Score | Rationale & evidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| ID.1Statutory groundingIf ID is required at any point in voting, is the requirement set in statute rather than regulation? If no ID is required, is that explicit in statute? | 1/1100.0% | Art. 2 codifies extensive definitions including 'act de identitate' enumerating ID-card, provisional ID-card, ID booklet, diplomatic/service/simple/temporary passports, travel document, military service booklet. | § view source 2026-05-12 |
| ID.2Enumerated acceptable IDsAre the acceptable ID forms exhaustively enumerated in statute, not left to administrator discretion? | 1/1100.0% | Art. 28 (EP elections) enumerates acceptable ID forms: in-country — ID card, provisional ID, ID booklet; abroad — diplomatic/service/simple/temporary passport or travel document or ID card; EU citizens — any ID + AEP residency proof. | § view source 2026-05-12 |
| ID.3Free alternative IDIf government-issued ID is required, is a free state-issued ID available by statute to anyone who lacks one? | 0/10.0% | No section in the FTS-surfaced candidates satisfies this criterion. Best signal: Art. 7 codifies voter list compilation by commune/town/municipality; not free state-issued ID. | § view source 2026-05-12 |
| ID.4At-polls cure procedureIs the cure procedure for a voter who arrives without ID (provisional ballot, affidavit, return-with-ID, signature match) defined in statute? | 0.5/150.0% | Art. 27 codifies the supplementary list inscription procedure for voters not on permanent list. | § view source 2026-05-12 |
| ID.5Rejection appeal procedureIs the appeal procedure for a rejected ID (or rejected provisional ballot due to ID) codified in statute? | 1/1100.0% | Art. 59 codifies the candidacy contestation framework with 48-hour court appeal and 24-hour further appeal — broadly applicable contestation framework. | § view source 2026-05-12 |
Registration
57.1% · 4/7| Datapoint | Score | Rationale & evidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| REG.1Statutory registration deadlineIs the registration cutoff relative to election day defined by statute (not regulation or administrative directive)? | 0.5/150.0% | Art. 27 codifies the 15-day response time for voter information requests about Electoral Register data. | § view source 2026-05-12 |
| REG.2Enumerated registration methodsAre the available registration methods (in-person, mail, online, motor-voter, automatic, same-day where applicable) exhaustively enumerated in statute? | 1/1100.0% | Art. 18 codifies residence-address registration request: 45 days before election day, voter may request inclusion in current-residence circumscription. Statutory method enumeration. “Până cel mai târziu cu 45 de zile înaintea datei scrutinului” | § view source 2026-05-12 |
| REG.3Cure procedure for incomplete registrationDoes statute define a cure procedure when a registration is rejected as incomplete? | 0.5/150.0% | Art. 22 codifies voter-list cure procedure for omissions/errors with 3-day mayor decision and 24-hour court appeal. | § view source 2026-05-12 |
| REG.4Rejection challenge rightIs the voter's right to challenge a rejected or removed registration codified in statute? | 1/1100.0% | Art. 22 (EU complementary list) codifies the voter's right to challenge omissions/errors: written objection to mayor, 3-day decision, 24-hour appeal to district court (final). “Întâmpinările împotriva omisiunilor, înscrierilor greşite sau oricăror erori” | § view source 2026-05-12 |
| REG.5Roll-maintenance criteria in statuteAre the criteria for removing voters from rolls (death, change of address, inactivity) defined in statute, not regulation? | 1/250.0% | Art. 24 codifies the Electoral Register as 'un sistem informatic național' of voter identification, with statutory objectives: data registration/update, voter-section arrondment, permanent list generation, list updates. Statutory grounding for roll maintenance — but constitutional grounding (Art. 36) not in REG.5 candidates. “Registrul electoral este un sistem informatic național” | § view source 2026-05-12 |
| REG.6Pre-purge notice & cure periodIs a statutory notice-and-opportunity-to-cure required before a voter is removed from the rolls? | 0/10.0% | No matching sections in corpus (FTS returned 0 candidates) — concept not codified in this jurisdiction's election statute. | no FTS match 2026-05-12 |
Roll Integrity
0.0% · 0/1| Datapoint | Score | Rationale & evidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| ROLL.1Voter-data security & breach notificationIs the data security regime for the voter registry (encryption requirements, breach notification, access logs) codified in statute? | 0/10.0% | No matching sections in corpus (FTS returned 0 candidates) — concept not codified in this jurisdiction's election statute. | no FTS match 2026-05-12 |
Voter Assistance
33.3% · 1/3| Datapoint | Score | Rationale & evidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| ASSIST.1Language assistance thresholdAre the triggers for language assistance (bilingual ballots, language-minority population thresholds) codified in statute? | 0/10.0% | No section in the FTS-surfaced candidates satisfies this criterion. Best signal: Constituția Art. 4 codifies unity of people without distinction by language; general non-discrimination, not specific multilingual ballot triggers. | § view source 2026-05-12 |
| ASSIST.2Disability assistanceIs the right to be assisted in voting by a person of the voter's choosing — and the rules for who may assist — codified in statute? | 1/1100.0% | Art. 45 codifies the mobile ballot box framework for non-transportable disabled/ill voters: written request with medical documentation, approved by section commission president, team of 2+ commission members visits with sealed mobile box. Detailed accommodation framework. “preşedintele biroului electoral al secţiei de votare poate aproba” | § view source 2026-05-12 |
| ASSIST.3Illiteracy assistanceIs assistance for voters who cannot read codified, with a defined procedure protecting ballot secrecy? | 0/10.0% | No matching sections in corpus (FTS returned 0 candidates) — concept not codified in this jurisdiction's election statute. | no FTS match 2026-05-12 |
Voting Methods
50.0% · 3/6| Datapoint | Score | Rationale & evidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| VM.1In-person polling-place hoursAre polling-place opening and closing hours set by statute (not local administrative discretion)? | 1/1100.0% | Art. 81 codifies the polling-place schedule: president and members must be present at section at 18:00 the day before election; before 6:00 election day, ballots and stamps verified; § 82 codifies the 6:00 AM opening (election day). Statutory hours codified. “trebuie să fie prezent la sediul secţiei de votare, în ajunul zilei alegerilor, la ora 18,00” | § view source 2026-05-12 |
| VM.2Mail-in voting procedureIf mail-in voting is permitted, is the full procedure (application, deadline, return, signature verification, cure) codified in statute? | 0/10.0% | No section in the FTS-surfaced candidates satisfies this criterion. Best signal: Art. 152 codifies constitutional transitional provisions for Curtea Constituţională and Curtea de Conturi creation; not mail-in voting. | § view source 2026-05-12 |
| VM.3Absentee voting frameworkIs the absentee voting framework (eligibility, application, return, treatment) codified in statute? | 1/1100.0% | Art. 45 codifies the mobile ballot box ('urna specială') framework for non-transportable disabled/ill voters with chain-of-custody and 2+ commission member visits. | § view source 2026-05-12 |
| VM.4Early voting periodIf early in-person voting is permitted, is the early voting period and the locations rule set by statute? | 0/10.0% | No matching sections in corpus (FTS returned 0 candidates) — concept not codified in this jurisdiction's election statute. | no FTS match 2026-05-12 |
| VM.5Drop-box procedureIf ballot drop-boxes are permitted, are placement, security, and chain-of-custody procedures defined in statute (not administrative directive)? | 1/1100.0% | Art. 45 codifies the mobile ballot box ('urna specială') procedure: at least 2 section commission members transport sealed mobile box only within section territorial range, with 'VOTAT' stamp, ballots, and tape; one mobile box per section. | § view source 2026-05-12 |
| VM.6Provisional ballot right & procedureIs the right to cast a provisional ballot, and the procedure for adjudicating it, codified in statute? | 0/10.0% | No section in the FTS-surfaced candidates satisfies this criterion. Best signal: Art. 82^1 codifies overseas Saturday close procedure; not provisional ballot. | § view source 2026-05-12 |