EAIElectoral Access Index
How accessible is the franchise under codified procedure?
Dimensions
Administration
100.0% · 1/1| Datapoint | Score | Rationale & evidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| ADMIN.1Election administration independenceIs the election administration body's independence (appointment by multiple branches, fixed terms, balanced political composition) codified in statute or constitution? | 1/1100.0% | § 2143 codifies political-balance representation on the board of civil authority — the town body that administers elections: if the board lacks at least three members of each major political party, an underrepresented party may compel additional appointments. § 2454 requires assistant election officers to be drawn, as far as possible, equally from each major party. Party-balanced election administration codified. | § view source 2026-05-21 |
Eligibility
20.0% · 1/5| Datapoint | Score | Rationale & evidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| ELIG.1Age and residency in constitutionAre the minimum age and residency requirements for voting set in the constitution (rather than statute alone)? | 1/1100.0% | § 2101 grounds Title 17 in the constitution: 'this title is intended to carry out the mandate contained in Article 8 of Chapter I of the Constitution of the State of Vermont,' which sets the voter-qualification mandate. § 2121 codifies the eligibility criteria — U.S. citizen, Vermont resident, having taken the voter's oath, and 18 years of age. Voter qualifications are grounded in the state constitution. | § view source 2026-05-21 |
| ELIG.2Disqualification frameworkIf voters can be disqualified (felony, mental incompetence), are the criteria and the duration codified in statute, with a defined restoration procedure? | 0/30.0% | No section in the FTS-surfaced candidates satisfies this criterion. Best signal: Vermont codifies no voter-disqualification framework: § 2121 conditions eligibility only on citizenship, residency, the voter's oath, and age. Vermont — with Maine — never disenfranchises a citizen; there is no felony disenfranchisement (Vermonters vote while incarcerated) and no mental-incompetence exclusion. The surfaced § 2456 concerns disqualification of election officials who are candidates, not voters. The 0 reflects the deliberate absence of disqualification, a pro-access posture. | § view source 2026-05-21 |
| ELIG.3Restoration of voting rightsWhere rights are lost (e.g., post-felony), is the procedure for restoration codified, with statutory deadlines and automatic restoration where applicable? | 0/10.0% | No matching sections in corpus (FTS returned 0 candidates) — concept not codified in this jurisdiction's election statute. | no FTS match 2026-05-21 |
Identification
30.0% · 2/5| Datapoint | Score | Rationale & evidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| ID.1Statutory groundingIf ID is required at any point in voting, is the requirement set in statute rather than regulation? If no ID is required, is that explicit in statute? | 0/10.0% | No section in the FTS-surfaced candidates satisfies this criterion. Best signal: The surfaced candidates concern the early-voter list and campaign-finance definitions. Vermont does not require voter ID for established voters — § 2563 admits a voter who announces their name and appears on the checklist — but no explicit statutory voter-ID provision was surfaced for this datapoint. | § view source 2026-05-21 |
| ID.2Enumerated acceptable IDsAre the acceptable ID forms exhaustively enumerated in statute, not left to administrator discretion? | 0/10.0% | No section in the FTS-surfaced candidates satisfies this criterion. Best signal: § 2563 admits a voter who announces their name and is found on the checklist. Vermont does not require voter ID for established voters and therefore does not enumerate acceptable ID forms (first-time registrants are subject only to the federal HAVA identification baseline). | § view source 2026-05-21 |
| ID.3Free alternative IDIf government-issued ID is required, is a free state-issued ID available by statute to anyone who lacks one? | 0/10.0% | No section in the FTS-surfaced candidates satisfies this criterion. Best signal: § 2358 concerns examination of nominating petitions. Vermont has no voter-ID requirement, so no free-ID provision is codified. | § view source 2026-05-21 |
| ID.4At-polls cure procedureIs the cure procedure for a voter who arrives without ID (provisional ballot, affidavit, return-with-ID, signature match) defined in statute? | 1/1100.0% | § 2556 codifies the at-polls cure: where a voter's name does not appear on the checklist, or the voter disputes a rejected registration, 'the election official shall allow the individual to vote provisionally.' § 2557 codifies the town clerk's adjudication of the provisional voter's attestation and § 2555 the provisional-ballot envelope. § 2546 codifies an opportunity to cure a defective returned ballot. | § view source 2026-05-21 |
| ID.5Rejection appeal procedureIs the appeal procedure for a rejected ID (or rejected provisional ballot due to ID) codified in statute? | 0.5/150.0% | § 2546 codifies an opportunity to cure: on receiving a defective returned ballot the town clerk directs two election officials to process it, and the voter is given a chance to correct curable defects. § 2556 lets a voter who disputes a rejected registration cast a provisional ballot. A cure/dispute route is codified, though not a dedicated ID-rejection appeal. | § view source 2026-05-21 |
Registration
85.7% · 6/7| Datapoint | Score | Rationale & evidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| REG.1Statutory registration deadlineIs the registration cutoff relative to election day defined by statute (not regulation or administrative directive)? | 0.5/150.0% | Vermont has same-day voter registration — a voter may register through and including election day (§ 2144a, § 2145) — so there is no pre-election registration cutoff; the effective 'deadline' is election day itself. § 2531 codifies the separate early-voter-absentee-ballot application deadline. The same-day-registration provision was not directly surfaced for this datapoint. | § view source 2026-05-21 |
| REG.2Enumerated registration methodsAre the available registration methods (in-person, mail, online, motor-voter, automatic, same-day where applicable) exhaustively enumerated in statute? | 1/1100.0% | § 2144a enumerates the registration methods: 'a person who desires to register to vote may apply in any of the following ways' — simultaneously with a DMV driver's-license or non-driver-ID application (§ 2145a), at a voter-registration agency, by mail or in-person delivery of an application to the town clerk, and online. Registration methods exhaustively enumerated. “A person who desires to register to vote may apply in any of the following ways” | § view source 2026-05-21 |
| REG.3Cure procedure for incomplete registrationDoes statute define a cure procedure when a registration is rejected as incomplete? | 0.5/150.0% | § 2147 codifies correction of the checklist — the board of civil authority or town clerk adds the names of voters omitted by mistake and strikes those not entitled to vote, including additions directed by a Superior judge on appeal. § 2556 lets a voter whose registration was rejected vote provisionally. A correction/cure route is codified, though not a dedicated incomplete-application cure-and-resubmit procedure. | § view source 2026-05-21 |
| REG.4Rejection challenge rightIs the voter's right to challenge a rejected or removed registration codified in statute? | 1/1100.0% | § 2147 codifies the voter's challenge route: the checklist is corrected to add names 'as directed by any Superior judge on appeal,' providing judicial review of a registration decision. § 2556 lets a voter who disputes a rejected registration cast a provisional ballot, and § 2146 codifies the board's eligibility determination. The right to challenge a rejected or removed registration is codified. | § view source 2026-05-21 |
| REG.5Roll-maintenance criteria in statuteAre the criteria for removing voters from rolls (death, change of address, inactivity) defined in statute, not regulation? | 2/2100.0% | § 2150 codifies the criteria and procedure for removing names from the checklist — change of residence (with notice to the former municipality), the confirmation-notice process, and other statutory grounds — and § 2152 codifies the division of the checklist into active and inactive sections, the inactive section holding only voters who failed to respond to the § 2150 notice. Statutory roll-maintenance criteria codified. | § view source 2026-05-21 |
| REG.6Pre-purge notice & cure periodIs a statutory notice-and-opportunity-to-cure required before a voter is removed from the rolls? | 1/1100.0% | § 2150 codifies a notice-and-cure framework before removal: a voter is sent a confirmation notice, and § 2152 places a voter who fails to respond into the inactive section of the checklist rather than removing them outright — the NVRA notice-and-waiting-period model. Notice and an opportunity to remain registered are codified. | § view source 2026-05-21 |
Roll Integrity
50.0% · 1/1| Datapoint | Score | Rationale & evidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| ROLL.1Voter-data security & breach notificationIs the data security regime for the voter registry (encryption requirements, breach notification, access logs) codified in statute? | 0.5/150.0% | § 2154 codifies access controls on the statewide voter checklist: the Secretary of State must limit each town clerk to editing only that municipality's portion of the checklist and must limit access to the checklist. Access security is codified, but no encryption mandate or data-breach-notification regime is codified. | § view source 2026-05-21 |
Voter Assistance
33.3% · 1/3| Datapoint | Score | Rationale & evidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| ASSIST.1Language assistance thresholdAre the triggers for language assistance (bilingual ballots, language-minority population thresholds) codified in statute? | 0/10.0% | No matching sections in corpus (FTS returned 0 candidates) — concept not codified in this jurisdiction's election statute. | no FTS match 2026-05-21 |
| ASSIST.2Disability assistanceIs the right to be assisted in voting by a person of the voter's choosing — and the rules for who may assist — codified in statute? | 1/1100.0% | § 2569 codifies assistance: a voter who declares a need for help to mark the ballot 'shall be assisted in the marking or registering of the ballot by a person of the voter's choice or two election officials of different party affiliations,' and the assister may not divulge the voter's choices. The assistance right and the rules on who may assist are codified. | § view source 2026-05-21 |
| ASSIST.3Illiteracy assistanceIs assistance for voters who cannot read codified, with a defined procedure protecting ballot secrecy? | 0/10.0% | No matching sections in corpus (FTS returned 0 candidates) — concept not codified in this jurisdiction's election statute. | no FTS match 2026-05-21 |
Voting Methods
100.0% · 6/6| Datapoint | Score | Rationale & evidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| VM.1In-person polling-place hoursAre polling-place opening and closing hours set by statute (not local administrative discretion)? | 1/1100.0% | § 2561 codifies statutory polling hours: at all Australian-ballot elections the polls 'may open no earlier than 5:00 a.m. and shall open no later than 10:00 a.m. as set by the board of civil authority,' and 'the polls in all polling places shall close at 7:00 p.m.,' with voters in line at closing entitled to vote. Polling hours are fixed by statute. “The polls in all polling places shall close at 7:00 p.m.” | § view source 2026-05-21 |
| VM.2Mail-in voting procedureIf mail-in voting is permitted, is the full procedure (application, deadline, return, signature verification, cure) codified in statute? | 1/1100.0% | Vermont codifies a comprehensive mail-voting procedure in Chapter 51, Subchapter 6: application (§ 2531-2532), delivery by mail (§ 2539), return (§ 2543), receipt and processing by the town clerk (§ 2546), and treatment of defective ballots (§ 2547). For general elections Vermont mails an early-voter absentee ballot to every active registered voter. | § view source 2026-05-21 |
| VM.3Absentee voting frameworkIs the absentee voting framework (eligibility, application, return, treatment) codified in statute? | 1/1100.0% | § 2531 codifies the early-voter / absentee-ballot framework: any voter who expects to be an early or absentee voter may apply for an early-voter absentee ballot up to the day before the election. § 2532 codifies authorized applicants and the application form, and § 2538 codifies delivery by justices of the peace to voters who are ill, injured, or disabled. Comprehensive absentee framework codified. | § view source 2026-05-21 |
| VM.4Early voting periodIf early in-person voting is permitted, is the early voting period and the locations rule set by statute? | 1/1100.0% | § 2546b codifies in-person early voting: a board of civil authority may vote to permit registered voters to vote early in the town clerk's office 'in the same manner as those voting on election day' by marking an early-voter absentee ballot and depositing it into a vote tabulator or secure ballot box. The early-voter-absentee-ballot period runs from 45 days before election day. | § view source 2026-05-21 |
| VM.5Drop-box procedureIf ballot drop-boxes are permitted, are placement, security, and chain-of-custody procedures defined in statute (not administrative directive)? | 1/1100.0% | § 2543a codifies secure ballot drop boxes: 'a board of civil authority may vote to install one or more secure outdoor ballot drop boxes (drop boxes) for the return of voted ballots,' located on municipal property (at the clerk's office if a town has only one), available for ballot return at any time of day. Drop-box placement, security, and timing codified. “A board of civil authority may vote to install one or more secure outdoor ballot drop boxes (drop boxes) for the return of voted ballots.” | § view source 2026-05-21 |
| VM.6Provisional ballot right & procedureIs the right to cast a provisional ballot, and the procedure for adjudicating it, codified in statute? | 1/1100.0% | § 2556 codifies the provisional-ballot right: where a voter's name is not on the checklist or a registration was rejected, the election official 'shall allow the individual to vote provisionally.' § 2557 codifies the town clerk's adjudication of the provisional voter's attestation against the eligibility requirements, and § 2555 codifies the provisional-ballot envelope and attestation. Provisional voting fully codified. | § view source 2026-05-21 |