EAIElectoral Access Index
How accessible is the franchise under codified procedure?
Dimensions
Administration
100.0% · 1/1| Datapoint | Score | Rationale & evidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| ADMIN.1Election administration independenceIs the election administration body's independence (appointment by multiple branches, fixed terms, balanced political composition) codified in statute or constitution? | 1/1100.0% | ORC 3517.14 codifies a 5-member Ohio Election Integrity Commission with multi-branch appointers (SoS + 4 legislative leaders) and 4-year staggered terms. “There is in the office of the secretary of state the Ohio election integrity commission” | § view source 2026-05-12 |
Eligibility
90.0% · 5/5| Datapoint | Score | Rationale & evidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| ELIG.1Age and residency in constitutionAre the minimum age and residency requirements for voting set in the constitution (rather than statute alone)? | 1/1100.0% | Ohio Const. Art. V § 1 sets age (18) and residency (state/county/township/ward 'such time as may be provided by law') and 30-day pre-election registration requirement in the constitution. “Only a citizen of the United States, of the age of eighteen years” | § view source 2026-05-12 |
| ELIG.2Disqualification frameworkIf voters can be disqualified (felony, mental incompetence), are the criteria and the duration codified in statute, with a defined restoration procedure? | 3/3100.0% | Ohio Const. Art. V § 4 explicitly grants the General Assembly power to exclude felons from voting — constitutional framing. ORC 3599.39 codifies disfranchisement for repeat election-law felons. ORC 3503.21 cancels registration on felony conviction with restoration referenced via § 2961.01 (statutory restoration). Constitutional framing + statutory restoration → highest tier. “shall have power to exclude from the privilege of voting” | § view source 2026-05-12 |
| ELIG.3Restoration of voting rightsWhere rights are lost (e.g., post-felony), is the procedure for restoration codified, with statutory deadlines and automatic restoration where applicable? | 0.5/150.0% | ORC 3503.21 codifies cancellation triggers including felony conviction 'as provided in section 2961.01 of the Revised Code' — restoration framework is referenced (§ 2961.01) but not enumerated within this section. Statutory restoration path exists via reference but full procedure is in a section not surfaced here. “registration of a registered elector shall be canceled upon” | § view source 2026-05-12 |
Identification
50.0% · 3/5| Datapoint | Score | Rationale & evidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| ID.1Statutory groundingIf ID is required at any point in voting, is the requirement set in statute rather than regulation? If no ID is required, is that explicit in statute? | 0/10.0% | No section in the FTS-surfaced candidates satisfies this criterion. Best signal: ORC 3517.1013 governs Levin-account gifts for voter ID activities; not the ID-at-polls requirement. | § view source 2026-05-12 |
| ID.2Enumerated acceptable IDsAre the acceptable ID forms exhaustively enumerated in statute, not left to administrator discretion? | 1/1100.0% | ORC 3505.18 codifies the ID requirement at polls: 'Ohio driver's license, state identification card, or interim identification form' — narrow enumeration in statute. | § view source 2026-05-12 |
| ID.3Free alternative IDIf government-issued ID is required, is a free state-issued ID available by statute to anyone who lacks one? | 0/10.0% | No section in the FTS-surfaced candidates satisfies this criterion. Best signal: ORC 3511.021 governs electronic UOCAVA application procedures; not free ID. | § view source 2026-05-12 |
| ID.4At-polls cure procedureIs the cure procedure for a voter who arrives without ID (provisional ballot, affidavit, return-with-ID, signature match) defined in statute? | 1/1100.0% | ORC 3505.182 codifies the provisional-ballot affirmation form including ID-options checklist, religious-objection alternative (§ 3505.19), and SSN-last-4 verification path. “An Ohio driver's license or state identification card” | § view source 2026-05-12 |
| ID.5Rejection appeal procedureIs the appeal procedure for a rejected ID (or rejected provisional ballot due to ID) codified in statute? | 0.5/150.0% | ORC 3505.181 establishes the provisional-ballot right but the surfaced text does not codify a clear appeal path for rejected ID/provisional ballots. § 3505.183 (in other candidate set) codifies post-poll testing/rejection but appeal mechanism is limited. | § view source 2026-05-12 |
Registration
78.6% · 6/7| Datapoint | Score | Rationale & evidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| REG.1Statutory registration deadlineIs the registration cutoff relative to election day defined by statute (not regulation or administrative directive)? | 0.5/150.0% | ORC 3503.28 codifies a duty to publish 'applicable deadlines for registering to vote' in the SoS info brochure — references that deadlines exist in statute (§ 3503.01's 30-day rule, not surfaced in this datapoint) without enumerating them here. | § view source 2026-05-12 |
| REG.2Enumerated registration methodsAre the available registration methods (in-person, mail, online, motor-voter, automatic, same-day where applicable) exhaustively enumerated in statute? | 1/1100.0% | ORC 3503.19 exhaustively enumerates registration methods: in-person at designated agencies, BMV, schools, libraries, county treasurer, BOE branches; through another person; by mail to SoS or BOE; same-day at polling place for changes-of-address. “may register or change their registration in person at any state” | § view source 2026-05-12 |
| REG.3Cure procedure for incomplete registrationDoes statute define a cure procedure when a registration is rejected as incomplete? | 1/1100.0% | ORC 3503.30 codifies a cure procedure for registration errors made by mistake: 'The board may correct all errors occurring in the registration of electors when it finds that the errors subject to correction were not of fraudulent intent.' “qualified elector has caused himself to be registered in a precinct which was not” | § view source 2026-05-12 |
| REG.4Rejection challenge rightIs the voter's right to challenge a rejected or removed registration codified in statute? | 1/1100.0% | ORC 3503.24 codifies the right of any qualified elector to challenge a registration with a hearing requirement before the BOE (≤10 days, written notice to challenged elector). Provides the elector a notice-and-opportunity-to-respond. “challenge of the right to vote of any registered elector may be made by any qualified elector” | § view source 2026-05-12 |
| REG.5Roll-maintenance criteria in statuteAre the criteria for removing voters from rolls (death, change of address, inactivity) defined in statute, not regulation? | 1/250.0% | ORC 3503.15 codifies the statewide voter registration database with retention rules ('canceled voter registration records for not less than five years'). “Safeguards and components to ensure that the integrity, security” | § view source 2026-05-12 |
| REG.6Pre-purge notice & cure periodIs a statutory notice-and-opportunity-to-cure required before a voter is removed from the rolls? | 1/1100.0% | ORC 3503.21 codifies the pre-cancellation notice path for inactivity-based cancellation: 'after having been mailed a confirmation notice' + failure to respond and vote within 4 consecutive years. | § view source 2026-05-12 |
Roll Integrity
50.0% · 1/1| Datapoint | Score | Rationale & evidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| ROLL.1Voter-data security & breach notificationIs the data security regime for the voter registry (encryption requirements, breach notification, access logs) codified in statute? | 0.5/150.0% | ORC 3503.13 codifies the public-records status of the voter registration database with enumerated exemptions (SSN, DL, telephone, e-mail, citizenship proof, confidential records). Partial security: access carve-outs codified, not breach-notification per se. | § view source 2026-05-12 |
Voter Assistance
66.7% · 2/3| Datapoint | Score | Rationale & evidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| ASSIST.1Language assistance thresholdAre the triggers for language assistance (bilingual ballots, language-minority population thresholds) codified in statute? | 0/10.0% | No matching sections in corpus (FTS returned 0 candidates) — concept not codified in this jurisdiction's election statute. | no FTS match 2026-05-12 |
| ASSIST.2Disability assistanceIs the right to be assisted in voting by a person of the voter's choosing — and the rules for who may assist — codified in statute? | 1/1100.0% | ORC 3505.24 codifies the right to receive assistance for blindness/disability/illiteracy: elector chooses any person to assist (with enumerated exclusions: employer, union officer, candidate), or may request assistance from two election officials of different parties. “any elector who declares that the elector, by reason of blindness, disability, or illiteracy” | § view source 2026-05-12 |
| ASSIST.3Illiteracy assistanceIs assistance for voters who cannot read codified, with a defined procedure protecting ballot secrecy? | 1/1100.0% | ORC 3505.24 expressly includes 'illiteracy' as a basis for assistance, with the same protective procedure (elector's choice + exclusions) as for blindness/disability. | § view source 2026-05-12 |
Voting Methods
58.3% · 4/6| Datapoint | Score | Rationale & evidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| VM.1In-person polling-place hoursAre polling-place opening and closing hours set by statute (not local administrative discretion)? | 1/1100.0% | ORC 3501.32 codifies polling-place hours: open at 6:30 a.m., close at 7:30 p.m. (with island-precinct exception). Statutory, not administrative. “polls shall be opened by proclamation” | § view source 2026-05-12 |
| VM.2Mail-in voting procedureIf mail-in voting is permitted, is the full procedure (application, deadline, return, signature verification, cure) codified in statute? | 0.5/150.0% | ORC 3511.05 codifies the identification-envelope format and return procedure for uniformed-services/overseas absentee ballots — UOCAVA mail-in framework only. The general mail-in/absentee framework (§ 3509.*) was not surfaced for this datapoint. | § view source 2026-05-12 |
| VM.3Absentee voting frameworkIs the absentee voting framework (eligibility, application, return, treatment) codified in statute? | 1/1100.0% | ORC 3511.16 codifies the pre-election notice and federal write-in absentee instructions for UOCAVA voters. | § view source 2026-05-12 |
| VM.4Early voting periodIf early in-person voting is permitted, is the early voting period and the locations rule set by statute? | 0/10.0% | No matching sections in corpus (FTS returned 0 candidates) — concept not codified in this jurisdiction's election statute. | no FTS match 2026-05-12 |
| VM.5Drop-box procedureIf ballot drop-boxes are permitted, are placement, security, and chain-of-custody procedures defined in statute (not administrative directive)? | 0/10.0% | No matching sections in corpus (FTS returned 0 candidates) — concept not codified in this jurisdiction's election statute. | no FTS match 2026-05-12 |
| VM.6Provisional ballot right & procedureIs the right to cast a provisional ballot, and the procedure for adjudicating it, codified in statute? | 1/1100.0% | ORC 3505.181 codifies the right to cast a provisional ballot (with seven enumerated triggers) and the affirmation procedure. Comprehensive procedural framework. “All of the following individuals shall be permitted to cast a provisional ballot” | § view source 2026-05-12 |